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Linux Unleashed, Third Edition new buy it
(Imprint: Sams)
(Publisher: Macmillan Computer Publishing)
Author: Tim Parker
ISBN: 0672313723

Introduction
About the Author

Part I—Introduction
Chapter 1—Introduction to Linux
What Is Linux?
Linux’s Kernel
GNU Software
X
DOS and Windows Interface
TCP/IP
Linux’s History
What Linux Can Do for You
Learning UNIX Through Linux
Running a Business
Internet Servers
What You Need to Run Linux
Minimum System Requirements
Motherboard Requirements
Hard Disks
Video System
Mouse
Tape Drives
CD-ROM
Removable Media
Printers
Modems
Terminals
Multiport Cards
Network Cards
Copyrights
Getting Help
Usenet Newsgroups
What’s in This Book?
Summary
Chapter 2—Types of Linux
Where to Get Linux
CD-ROM Linux
FTP Sites
World Wide Web
Email
Bulletin Board Systems (BBSs)
What’s a Linux Release?
Linux Releases and Disk Sets
Updating Existing Linux Systems
Summary
Chapter 3—Installing Linux
Working with Linux
Floppyless Installation
Boot and Root Disks
Selecting a Boot Kernel and Root Image
Creating the Boot and Root Floppies
The Installation Routine: A Quick Guide
Choosing Text or Graphics Installation
Setting Up Your Hard Drive
Formatting the Partitions
Setting Up Ethernet
Setting Up the Mouse
Configuring X
Selecting Packages to Install
Using LILO
Partitioning the Hard Disk
Linux Swap Space Partition
Setting Up Partitions
Using UMSDOS
Installing the Linux Partitions
Linux’s fdisk
Setting Up Linux Partitions
Enabling the Swap Space for Installation
Creating the Linux Filesystem Partition
Installing Linux
Setting the Boot Process
Viewing Installed Software Files
Troubleshooting
Software Installation
Hard Disk and Disk Controller
Device Conflicts
SCSI Problems
Booting Linux
Summary
Chapter 4—Using LILO
Installing LILO
Handling Disk Problems
LILO Makefile
Updating LILO
Linux and Hard Disk Layouts
The Boot Sector
The Boot Process
Dedicated Linux Hard Disk
Using BOOTACTV
DOS and Linux
Using BOOTLIN
Boot Parameters
The Map Installer
Map Installer Command-line Syntax
Map Installer Configuration File Options
Boot Images
Disk Parameter Table
Removing or Disabling LILO
Troubleshooting LILO
Summary
Chapter 5—Wrapping Up the Installation
Booting Linux
Emergency Boot Procedure
Using dmesg
Changing Disk Partitions
Installing Additional Software
RPM
installpkg
Other Installation Commands
Multiple CD-ROM Devices
CD Changers
CD Writers
CD Libraries
Changing CDs
Summary

Part II—Getting to Know Linux
Chapter 6—Getting Started
Starting and Stopping Your Linux System
Linux Shutdown Commands
What’s This About “Logging In”?
Why You Should Not Use the root Login
Your First Login
Passwords
Creating a New Login
Logging Out
Trying Out Your New Login
Linux Error Messages
Search Paths
The who Command
Virtual Terminals
Commands and Programs
Summary
Chapter 7—Basic Linux Commands
How Linux Commands Work
Command Options
Other Parameters
Input and Output Redirection
Notational Conventions Used to Describe Linux Commands
Six Basic Rules of Linux Notation
Online Help Available in Linux
The Linux Man Pages
Finding Keywords in Man Pages
The bash Shell help Facility
Wildcards: * and ?
Environment Variables
Processes and How to Terminate Them
The Process Status Command: ps
The Process Termination Command: kill
Becoming Someone Else: The su Command
The grep Command
Summary
Chapter 8—Using the File System
Files: An Overview
Common Types of Files
Filenames
Directories: An Overview
Parent Directories and Subdirectories
The Root Directory
How Directories Are Named
The Home Directory
Navigating the Linux File System
The pwd Command: Where Am I?
Absolute and Relative Filenames
Going Places: The cd Command
There’s No Place Like Home
Creating and Deleting Files
cat: That Useful Feline
Creating Directories
Moving and Copying Files
Moving and Copying with Wildcards
Moving Directories
Removing Files and Directories
Removing Directories
Fear of Compression: The Zipless File
Important Directories in the Linux File System
/
/home
/bin
/usr
/usr/bin
/usr/spool
/dev
/usr/sbin
/sbin
/etc
Summary
Chapter 9—File and Directory Permissions
File and Directory Ownership
Users and Ownership
Groups
Changing Group Ownership
File Permissions
UMASK Settings
Changing File Permissions
Changing Directory Permissions
Summary
Chapter 10—GNU Project Utilities
GNU Software Currently Available
acm
Autoconf
bash
bc
BFD
Binutils
Bison
GNU C Compiler
GNU C Library
GNU C++ Library
Calc
GNU Chess
CLISP
GNU Common Lisp
cpio
CVS
dc
DejaGnu
Diffutils
ecc
ed
Elib
GNU Emacs
GNU Emacs 19
es
Fileutils
find
finger
flex
Fontutils
gas
gawk
gdb
gdbm
Ghostscript
Ghostview
gmp
GNats
GNU Graphics
GNU Shogi
gnuplot
GnuGo
gperf
grep
Groff
gzip
hp2xx
indent
Ispell
m4
make
mtools
MULE
NetFax
NetHack
NIH Class Library
nvi
Octave
Oleo
p2c
patch
PCL
perl
ptx
rc
RCS
recode
regex
Scheme
screen
sed
Shellutils
Smalltalk
Superopt
tar
Termcap Library
TeX
Texinfo
Textutils
Tile Forth
time
tput
UUCP
uuencode/uudecode
wdiff
Summary
Chapter 11—bash
Shells in a Nutshell
What Is a Shell?
How the Shell Gets Started
The Most Common Shells
The Bourne Again Shell
Command-line Completion
Wildcards
Command History
Aliases
Input Redirection
Output Redirection
Pipes
Prompts
Job Control
Customizing bash
bash Command Summary
bash Variables
Summary
Chapter 12—pdksh
The Public Domain Korn Shell (pdksh)
Command-Line Completion
Wildcards
Command History
Aliases
Input Redirection
Output Redirection
Pipelines
Shell Prompts
Job Control
Key Bindings
Customizing Your pdksh
pdksh Commands
pdksh Variables
Summary
Chapter 13—tcsh3
An Introduction to tcsh
Command Completion
Wildcards
Command History
Aliases
Input and Output Redirection
Pipelines
Prompts
Job Control
Key Bindings
Other Neat Stuff
Correcting Spelling Errors
Precommands
Change Directory Commands
Monitoring Logins and Logouts
Customizing tcsh
tcsh Command Summary
tcsh Variables
Summary
Chapter 14—Shell Programming
Creating and Running Shell Programs
Using Variables
Assigning a Value to a Variable
Accessing the Value of a Variable
Positional Parameters and Other Built-In Shell Variables
The Importance of Quotation Marks
The test Command
The tcsh Equivalent of the test Command
Conditional Statements
The if Statement
The case Statement
Iteration Statements
The for Statement
The while Statement
The until Statement
The shift Command
The select Statement
The repeat Statement
Functions
Summary
Chapter 15—FTP and Telnet
FTP
Setting Up FTP Server Service
Using FTP
Connecting with FTP
FTP Commands
File Transfer Modes
Anonymous FTP Access
Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)
Using Telnet
Using Telnet and GUIs
TN3270 and Others
Summary

Part III—Editing, Typesetting, and More
Chapter 16—Text Editors: vi and emacs
What Are Editors and Why Do I Need One?
The Editing Functions
Inserting and Deleting Text
Reading and Writing Files
Searching Text
Copying and Moving Text
Editing Buffers
The vi Editor
Starting vi
vi modes
Inserting Text
Quitting vi
Moving the Cursor
Deleting Text
Copying and Moving Text
Searching and Replacing Text
Setting Preferences
A Summary of Essential Commands
The emacs Editor
Starting emacs
Control and Meta Keys
Moving the Cursor
Quitting emacs
Deleting Text
Working with Multiple Files
Copying and Moving Text
Searching and Replacing Text
Using Modes with Buffers
Online Help in emacs
A Summary of Essential Commands
Summary
Chapter 17—groff
Embedding Commands
Controlling Character Appearance
Sizes and Line Spacing
Fonts
Indenting and Line Length
Other Character Controls
Macros
Using mm
Paragraphs and Headers
Lists
Font Changes
Footnotes
Summary
Chapter 18—geqn and gtbl
geqn
Executing geqn
Equations
Subscripts and Superscripts
Fractions
Square Roots
Summations, Set Theory, and Integrals
Brackets, Bars, and Piles
Matrices
Quoted Text
Character Changes
Using geqn
gtbl
Executing gtbl
Options
Format
Data
Examples
Summary
Chapter 19—TeX and LaTeX
Typesetting Versus Writing
TeX
Simple Text Formatting
Fonts
Controlling Spacing
Page Layout
Using Groups
Mathematical Symbols
Using Figures in Your Document
Macros
LaTeX: An Enhancement of TeX
Defining a LaTeX Document
Packages
Using Special Characters
Putting Structure into a LaTeX Document
Adding Other Structural Elements
Working with Figures and Tables
VirTeX and IniTeX
Summary
Chapter 20—Printing
Setting Up a Printer
Port Names
Printer Drivers
Linux Print Commands
Summary
Chapter 21—Multimedia Linux
Sound Cards
Using the PC Speaker
Configuring a Sound Card
Troubleshooting the Installation and Configuration
Applications for Sound Cards
Joysticks
Summary

Part IV—GUIs
Chapter 22—Installing and Configuring XFree86
What Is XFree86?
XFree86 Software Distribution
Choosing an X Server
Installing XFree86 Manually
Installing XFree86 Using a Script
Path Environment Variable
Configuring XFree86
Where to Put Xconfig or XF86Config
SuperProbe
Using ConfigFX86 and fx86config
The Xconfig and XF86Config Files in Detail
Pathnames
Keyboard Settings
Mouse Definition
Monitor Model
Video Cards
The XFree86 Server
Testing XFree86 Configurations
The .xinitrc File
Summary
Chapter 23—Wabi
What Can Wabi Do?
Installing Wabi
Running Windows 3.x Applications
Summary
Chapter 24—Ghostscript and Ghostview
Where to Obtain Ghostscript
Using Ghostscript
Ghostview
Summary

Part V—Linux for Programmers
Chapter 25—gawk
What Is the gawk Language?
Files, Records, and Fields
Pattern-Action Pairs
Simple Patterns
Comparisons and Arithmetic
Strings and Numbers
Formatting Output
Changing Field Separators
Metacharacters
Calling gawk Programs
BEGIN and END
Variables
Built-In Variables
Control Structures
The if Statement
The while Loop
The for Loop
next and exit
Arrays
Summary
Chapter 26—Programming in C
What Is C?
The GNU C Compiler
Invoking GCC
GCC Options
Optimization Options
Debugging and Profiling Options
Debugging GCC Programs with gdb
Compiling Code for Debugging
gdb Basic Commands
Sample gdb Session
Additional C Programming Tools
xxgdb
calls
cproto
indent
gprof
f2c and p2c
Summary
Chapter 27—Programming in C++
What Is C++?
Why C++?
Classes of Objects and Methods
GCC Options
Debugging and Profiling Options
GCC C++ Specific Options
Debugging C++ Applications
Debugging Virtual Functions
Debugging Exception Handlers
Summary of gdb C++ Specific Commands
GNU C++ Class Libraries
Streams
Strings
Random Numbers
Data Collection
Linked Lists
Plex Classes
Stacks
Queues
Sets
Summary
Chapter 28—Perl
What Is Perl?
Creating and Executing Perl Programs
Handling Data in Perl
Variables
Numbers
Strings
File Operators
Arrays
Perl Programming Constructs
Statement Blocks
if Statements
unless Statements
for Statements
foreach Statements
while Statements
until Statements
Functions
Passing Arguments to Functions
Using Return Values
Perl Operators
Converting Programs to Perl
Summary
Chapter 29—Introduction to Tcl and Tk
What Is Tcl?
What Is Tk?
The Tcl Language
Tcl Variables and Variable Substitution
Tcl Command Substitution
Quotes
The if Command
The for Command
The while Command
The switch Command
Comments
The Tk Language Extensions
Frames
Buttons
Menus and Menu buttons
List Boxes
Scrollbars
Summary
Chapter 30—Other Compilers
Ada
COBOL
DSP
Eiffel
FORTRAN
LISP
Modula-3
OGI Speech Tools
Scheme
Scilab
Summary
Chapter 31—Smalltalk/X
What Is Smalltalk/X?
How to Install Smalltalk/X
Invoking Smalltalk/X
Getting Around in ST/X
The Browsers Option
The System Browser
The Class Hierarchy Browser
Implementors
Senders
The Changes Browser
Directory Browser
The Workspace Option
The File Browser Option
The Projects Option
The Utilities Option
The Goodies Option
The Games & Demos Option
Editing in Browsers
Using the Inspector
Using the Debugger
Summary

Part VI—Linux for System Administrators
Chapter 32—System Administration Basics
The root Account
Starting and Stopping the System
Booting from a Floppy
Using LILO to Boot
Shutting Down Linux
Mounting File Systems
Mounting a Floppy
Creating a New File System
Unmounting File Systems
Checking File Systems
Using a File as Swap Space
Compressing Files with gzip and compress
Using tar
Backups
Setting Up Your System
Setting the System Name
Using a Maintenance Disk
Forgetting the root Password
Setting the Login Message
Summary
Chapter 33—Devices
Character and Block Mode Devices
Major and Minor Device Numbers
The mknod Command
Printer Administration
The lpd Printing Daemon
Following a Print Request
The /etc/printcap File and Spooling Directories
Adding Printer Devices with mknod
Managing Printers with lpc
Managing the Printer Queue with lpq and lprm
Terminals
Using Multiport Cards
Adding Serial Port Terminals
The Login Process
What Are /sbin/getty and /etc/gettydefs?
Terminal Files: /etc/ttys and /etc/inittab
Terminal Definitions: The /etc/termcap File
Adding a Terminal
Using stty and tset
Resetting a Screwy Terminal
Adding a Modem
Summary
Chapter 34—Processes
What You Need to Know About Processes
Types of Processes
Using the ps Command
ps Command Output
Login Shells
For the Superuser
Useful ps options
Using kill
Killing Child Processes
Killing Rights
Summary
Chapter 35—Users and Logins
The Superuser Account
User Accounts: /etc/passwd
Usernames
Passwords
User ID
Group ID
Comments
Home Directory
Login Command
Default System Usernames
Adding Users
Deleting Users
Groups
Default System Groups
Adding a Group
Adding a User to New Groups
Deleting a Group
The su Command
Summary
Chapter 36—SCSI Device Support
Newer SCSI Standards
Supported SCSI Devices
SCSI Device Drivers
Hard Drives
CD-ROM Devices
Tape Drives
Other Devices
Troubleshooting SCSI Devices
Summary
Chapter 37—Networking
What Is TCP/IP?
Hardware Requirements
Configuring Linux Files
What You Need Before You Start
Setting Up the Dummy Interface
Configuration Files
Testing and Troubleshooting
The netstat Command
ping
Summary
Chapter 38—SLIP and PPP
Setting Up the Dummy Interface
Setting Up SLIP
Configuring SLIP
dip
Setting Up PPP
Setting Up a PPP Account
Dialing Out with chat
Running pppd
Checking Problems
PPP Authentication
Using DNS with SLIP and PPP
Summary
Chapter 39—UUCP
UUCP Configuration
Taylor UUCP Configuration
HDB UUCP Configuration
A UUCP Connection
Direct Connections
Login Scripts
Changing Access Times
UUCP Security
Using UUCP
Sending Email with UUCP
Transferring Files with UUCP
Checking on Transfers
Summary
Chapter 40—Configuring Linux for Mail
How Email Works
Configuring sendmail
The sendmail.cf File
Configuration Table Locations
Building sendmail.cf from sendmail.m4
Using sendmail Version 8
smail
Setting Up smail
Configuring smail for UUCP
Modifying Behavior of smail
Summary
Chapter 41—Configuring Linux for News
Usenet and News
NNTP
Installing the NNTP Server Program
Configuring nntpd
Configuring Newsreaders
Configuring trn
Configuring tin
Summary
Chapter 42—Network Security
Weak Passwords
File Security
Modem Access
Callback Modems
Modem-Line Problems
How a Modem Handles a Call
UUCP
Local Area Network Access
Tracking Intruders
Preparing for the Worst
Summary
Chapter 43—NFS
Configuring Linux for NFS
Configuring Linux Servers
Configuring Other Linux Servers
Setting Up a Linux Client
Summary
Chapter 44—NIS and YP
Setting Up the NIS Domain
NIS Daemons
Setting Up the NIS Master
Setting Up NIS Slaves
Setting Up NIS Clients
Summary
Chapter 45—Backups
Why Make Backups?
Backup Media
Setting a Backup Schedule
Backup Logs
Using tar for Backups
Summary
Chapter 46—cron and at
Using cron
Creating a crontab File
Submitting and Managing crontab Files
Complex cron Commands
The at Program
Summary

Part VII—Setting up an Internet Site
Chapter 47—Setting up an Internet Site
Connecting to the Internet
Services You Need
Direct Connection Through a Gateway
Connecting Through Another Gateway
Using a Service Provider
Summary
Chapter 48—Setting Up an FTP and Anonymous FTP Site
What Is FTP?
Using FTP
How FTP Uses TCP
Configuring FTP
Setting Up ftpd
FTP Logins
Setting Up the Directories
Setting Permissions
Test the System
A More Secure FTP
Protecting an Anonymous FTP System
Summary
Chapter 49—Configuring a WAIS Site
Compiling and Installing freeWAIS
Setting Up freeWAIS
Starting freeWAIS
Building Your WAIS Indexes
WAIS Index Files
The waisindex Command
Getting Fancy
Summary
Chapter 50—Setting up a Gopher Service
Gopher and Linux
Configuring Gopher
The gopherd.conf File
The gopherdlocal.conf File
Setting Up the Makefile
WAIS and Gopher
Setting Up Your Gopher Directories
Starting Gopher
Letting the World Know
Summary
Chapter 51—Configuring a WWW Site
Web Server Software
Unpacking the Web Files
Compiling the Web Software
Configuring the Web Software
Starting the Web Software
Apache
Using make with Apache Software
Editing the Configuration File
Apache httpd Command Flags
Setting Up Apache for a Simple Web Site
Summary
Chapter 52—CGI Scripts
What Is CGI?
CGI and HTML
CGI and Perl
Summary
Chapter 53—HTML Programming Basics
HTML Authoring Tools
Developing Web Pages on Windows
HTML Development on Linux
Maintaining HTML
HTML Programming Basics
What Does HTML Look Like?
Starting an HTML Document
Paragraphs
Hyperlinks
Lists
Changing Character Appearances
A Few Other Tags
Summary
Chapter 54—Java and JavaScript Basics
What You Need
The Java Language
JavaScript and HTML
Summary
Chapter 55—Creating a Solid Web Site
System Response
Keep Your Web Pages Clean
Get Your Message Across at the Top of the Page
Using Multiple Pages
Using Icons
Use Links Properly
Using HTML Tags Properly
Summary

Part VIII—Advanced Programming Topics
Chapter 56—Source Code Control
make
A Sample makefile
Basic makefile Format
Building Different Versions of Programs
Forcing Recompiles
Macros
Suffix Rules
RCS
Deltas
Creating an RCS file
Retrieving an RCS File
Using Keywords
Retrieving Version Information from an RCS File
Administering Access
Comparing and Merging Revisions
Tying It All Together: Working with make and RCS
Summary
Chapter 57—Working with the Kernel
Upgrading and Installing New Kernel Software
Compiling the Kernel from Source Code
Adding Drivers to the Kernel
Upgrading Libraries
The Linux C Compiler
Debugging and Profiling Options
Debugging gcc Programs with gdb
Summary
Chapter 58—Writing Device Drivers
Device Drivers
Interrupts
Anatomy of a Linux Device Driver
Headers
Opening the Device
Closing the Device
strategy Functions
write() Functions
read() Functions
start and ioctl Routines
Using a New Device Driver
Summary
Chapter 59—The Wine Project
Current Status of Wine
Setting Up Wine
System Requirements
Where to Get Wine Distribution
How to Install Wine
How to Configure Wine Before Building
How to Build Wine
Using Wine
Specifying Configuration Parameters
Using Command-Line Options
The Wine Debugger
How Wine Works
How Wine Loads Programs
The Wine Library
Where Does Wine End and MS-Windows Begin?
Limitations of Wine
Software That Works
Using winestat to Analyze Windows Programs
Major Pieces That Are Missing from Wine
Software Unlikely to Ever Work
Summary
Chapter 60—HylaFAX
Installing HylaFAX
Compiling HylaFAX
Adding Modems
Sending a Fax
The sendfax Options
Cover Pages
Receiving a Fax
Summary
Chapter 61—Games
Which Games Have You Installed?
X Games
Games in the xdm Root Menu
Character-based Games
Text Adventure Games
Word Games
Card Games
Board Games
Simulations
”Video” Games
Math Games and Utilities
Multiplayer Game: Hunt
Full Graphics Game: Sasteroids
Other Thinking Games
Miscellaneous Demos and Utilities
Summary
Chapter 62—Adabas-D and other Databases
dBASE-Compatible Databases
What Is xBase?
What Is FlagShip?
Installing FlagShip
Using FlagShip
Porting Existing Applications
dbMan
Adabas-D
Installing Adabas-D
LINCKS
Other Database Products
Summary
Chapter 63—StarOffice
Installing StarOffice
Starting StarOffice
StarWriter
StarCalc
StarImpress
Importing and Exporting Files
Summary
Chapter 64—Lone Star Software’s Lone-Tar
What Is Lone-Tar?
Using Lone-Tar’s Interface
Installing Lone-Tar
Backing Up with Lone-Tar
Verifying Files
Restoring Files
Utilities and Environment: Tweaking Lone-Tar
Summary
Appendix A
Appendix B
Appendix C
Appendix D
Appendix E
Appendix F
Index