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host......Host Information
host option(s) hostname server
PURPOSE
The host command prints information about a specified hostname or server using DNS. You can also specify IP addresses, which will then be converted to hostnames through DNS.
OPTIONS
| -a | Looks for ANY type of resource record class. |
| -A | Looks up the IP address for a hostname, then does a reverse lookup to see if they match. Also looks up the hostname of an address, then does a reverse lookup to see if they match. Also checks IP addresses for all hostnames in a given zone. Returns no information if everything matches. |
| -c class | Looks for a specified resource record class (ANY, CH, CHAOS, CS, CSNET, HS, HESIOD, IN, INTERNET, or *). The default is IN. |
| -C | Lists all machines in a zone, determining of the zone’s servers are authoritative. |
| -d | Works in debugging mode. |
| -dd | Works in debugging mode, but with more detail than -d. |
| -D | Returns the number of unique hosts in a zone, as well as the names of hosts with more than one address per name. |
| -e | Suppresses information about hosts outside of a specific zone. |
| -E | Returns the number of unique hosts in a zone, as well as the names of extra-zone hosts. |
| -f file | Sends output to file as well as standard output. |
| -F file | Sends output to file, with extra resource data sent to standard output. |
| -G zone | Returns the number of unique hosts in a zone and the names of gateway hosts. |
| -H zone | Returns the number of unique hosts in a zone. |
| -i | Returns information about an IP address: hostname and class (always PTR). |
| -I chars | Ignores warnings about hostnames with illegal characters (specified by chars) in their names. |
| -l zone | Returns information about all the hosts in zone. |
| -L level | Specifies the level to search to when using the -l option. |
| -m | Prints MB, MG, and MR records; expands MR and MG records to MB records. |
| -o | Suppresses sending data to standard output. |
| -p server | Returns information about a primary server in a specific zone. Designed for use with the -l option. |
| -P servers | Returns information about preferred hosts; servers is a comma-delimited list. Used with the -l option. |
| -q | Suppresses warnings in silent mode, but not error messages. |
| -r | Requests cached information from server, not new queried information. |
| -R | Searches components of the local command when non-fully-qualified names are found. |
| -S | Returns all hosts, but not subzones, to standard output, including the host class and IP addresses. Used with the -l option. |
| -t type | Requests information about type entries in the resource record; type is A, ANY, NS, PTR, or *. |
| -T | Prints time-to-live information for cached data. |
| -u | Uses TCP instead of UDP. |
| -v | Works in verbose mode. |
| -vv | Works in verbose mode, including the defaults on host. |
| -w | Works persistently until host returns information. |
| -x | Queries multiple hosts and zones; can also be used to query multiple servers with -X. |
| -X | Queries multiple servers as well as multiple hosts and zones. |
| -Z | Includes trailing dots in resource records, as well as time-to-live data and the class name. |
RELATED COMMAND
hostname......Set Hostname
hostname option hostname
PURPOSE
The hostname command returns information about the current hostname, while a privileged user can use the command to set a new hostname.
OPTIONS
| -d | Prints Domain Name Server (DNS) domain name. |
| -f | Prints the full domain name. |
| -s | Prints the short domain name. |
| -F file | Checks file for the hostname. |
ping......Network Ping
ping
PURPOSE
The ping command send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts, to determine network performance.
OPTIONS
| -c count | Stops after sending (and receiving) count ECHO_RESPONSE packets. |
| -d | Sets the SO_DEBUG option on the socket being used. |
| -f | Outputs packets as fast as they come back or one hundred times per second, whichever is more. |
| -i wait | Waits wait seconds between sending packets. |
| -l preload | Sends preload many packets as fast as possible before falling into its normal mode of behavior. |
| -n | Works in numeric mode. |
| -p pattern | Specifies “pad’” bytes to fill out the packet you send. |
| -q | Works in quiet mode; nothing is displayed except the summary lines at startup time and when finished. |
| -r | Bypasses the normal routing tables and send directly to a host on an attached network. |
| -R | Includes the RECORD_ROUTE option in the ECHO_REQUEST packet and displays the route buffer on returned packets. |
| -s packetsize | Specifies the number of data bytes to be sent. The default is 56. |
| -v | Prints verbose output. |
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