groff(1), grops(1), groff_font(5), perl(1) Groff Version 1.09, 14 February 1994

ansi2knr

ansi2knr—Convert ANSI C to Kernighan & Ritchie C

ansi2knr input_file output_file

If no output_file is supplied, output goes to stdout. There are no error messages.

ansi2knr recognizes functions by seeing a nonkeyword identifier at the left margin, followed by a left parenthesis, with a right parenthesis as the last character on the line. It will recognize a multiline header if the last character on each line but the last is a left parenthesis or comma. These algorithms ignore whitespace and comments, except that the function name must be the first thing on the line.

The following constructs will confuse it:

• Any other construct that starts at the left margin and follows the above syntax (such as a macro or function call)
• Macros that tinker with the syntax of the function header

31 December 1990

anytopnm

anytopnm—Attempt to convert an unknown type of image file to a portable anymap

anytopnm file

anytopnm uses the file program, possibly augmented by the magic numbers file included with PBMPLUS, to try to figure out what type of image file it is. If that fails (very few image formats have magic numbers), looks at the filename extension. If that fails, punt.

The type of the output file depends on the input file.

pnmfile(1), pnm(5), file(1)

It's a script. Scripts are not portable to non-UNIX environments.

Copyright " 1991 by Jef Poskanzer

27 July 1990

appres

appres—List X application resource database

appres [[class [instance]] [_1] [toolkitoptions]

The appres program prints the resources seen by an application (or subhierarchy of an application) with the specified class and instance names. It can be used to determine which resources a particular program will load. For example,

% appres XTerm

will list the resources that any xterm program will load. If no application class is specified, the class -AppResTest- is used.

To match a particular instance name, specify an instance name explicitly after the class name, or use the normal Xt toolkit option. For example,

% appres XTerm myxterm

or

% appres XTerm _name myxterm

To list resources that match a subhierarchy of an application, specify hierarchical class and instance names. The number of class and instance components must be equal, and the instance name should not be specified with a toolkit option. For example,

% appres Xman.TopLevelShell.Form xman.topBox.form

will list the resources of widgets of xman topBox hierarchy. To list just the resources matching a specific level in the hierarchy, use the _1 option. For example,

% appres XTerm.VT100 xterm.vt100 _1

will list the resources matching the xterm vt100 widget.

X(1), xrdb(1), listres(1)

Jim Fulton (MIT X Consortium)

X Version 11 Release 6

ar

ar—Create, modify, and extract from archives

ar [ - ] dmpqrtx[abcilosuvV] [ membername ] archive files ...

The GNU ar program creates, modifies, and extracts from archives. An archive is a single file holding a collection of other files in a structure that makes it possible to retrieve the original individual files (called members of the archive).

The original files' contents, mode (permissions), timestamp, owner, and group are preserved in the archive, and may be reconstituted on extraction.

GNU ar can maintain archives whose members have names of any length; however, depending on how ar is configured on your system, a limit on member-name length may be imposed (for compatibility with archive formats maintained with other tools). If it exists, the limit is often 15 characters (typical of formats related to a.out) or 16 characters (typical of formats related to coff).

ar is considered a binary utility because archives of this sort are most often used as libraries holding commonly needed subroutines.

ar will create an index to the symbols defined in relocatable object modules in the archive when you specify the modifier s. Once created, this index is updated in the archive whenever ar makes a change to its contents (save for the q update operation). An archive with such an index speeds up linking to the library, and allows routines in the library to call each other without regard to their placement in the archive.

You may use nm _s or nm —print_armap to list this index table. If an archive lacks the table, another form of ar called ranlib can be used to add just the table.

ar insists on at least two arguments to execute: one keyletter specifying the operation (optionally accompanied by other keyletters specifying modifiers ), and the archive name to act on.

Most operations can also accept further files arguments, specifying particular files to operate on.

GNU ar allows you to mix the operation code p and modifier flags mod in any order, within the first command-line argument.

If you wish, you may begin the first command-line argument with a dash.

The p keyletter specifies what operation to execute; it may be any of the following, but you must specify only one of them: