ough the OnDataAvailable member of the IBindStatusCallback interface.

It must coordinate data retrieval and begin interaction as soon as possible.

Additionally, it should supply a ReadyState variable and an OnReadyStateChange event if they are required. It should also support IPersistPropertyBag for supporting HTML PARAM attributes.

Chapter 3 -- HTML Reference

Chapter 3 HTML Reference

In this section, you'll find an entry for every accepted (or anticipated to be accepted) element or "tag" in the various HTML standards/extensions in use. Turn to Part I of this book to find out more about categories, compliance, and so on.

The HTML elements in this section are in alphanumeric sort, as you would expect to find in an encyclopedia. If a tag manipulates the visual presentation of a browser, a figure is provided to help illustrate the effect caused by the use of that tag.

Every effort has been made to build the most comprehensive and up-to-date reference of the HyperText Markup Language in encyclopedic format. Note that there are several related conventions that are not part of the HTML standard but that can be called up or manipulated from an HTML document. Many of the most advanced math elements and server side includes, for example, are not part of the HTML standards now in development. The scope of this book is constrained to HTML standards observed by browsers offered by Netscape, Microsoft, and Mosaic and the HTML 2/HTML 3 standards.

New tags will be added to this book as they are recognized, adopted, and implemented in products such as Netscape Navigator, Internet Explorer, and Mosaic or as they're included in subsequent HTML standards.

!--

Compliance

Syntax

Definition

The <!--> tag allows the author of an HTML document to place comments in the code that can only be seen while editing the document.

Example Syntax

A

Compliance

Syntax

<A>...</A>

Definition

The <A> tag, which stands for "anchor," denotes the beginning and the end of a statement containing some form of a hypertext link. This tag allows the user to link to another location within the same HTML document, to another Web site, to an FTP server, and so on.

See HREF for more on creating hypertext links with the <A> tag.

Category

Links and Graphics

Example Syntax

<A HREF="http://www.askamerica.com">

Related Elements

Related Elements This Element Can Be Used Inside <A> <A> Can Be Used Inside This Element

HREF

METHODS

NAME

TITLE

ADDRESS

Compliance

Syntax

<ADDRESS>...</ADDRESS>

Definition

The <ADDRESS> tag offers a way to format a small body of text into a format that resembles a conventional letter header. The <ADDRESS> tag provides mailing or contact information, often on a page that is intended to look like a conventional "analog" letter. The text inside the <ADDRESS> and </ADDRESS> tags is in italics.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<ADDRESS>Robert Mullen<BR> Box 32<BR> Chicago Park, CA 95712-0032</ADDRESS>

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<ADDRESS>`	`<ADDRESS>` Find It Inside This Element
`<A>`	*
`<B>`		*
`<BODY>`		*
`<BODYQUOTE>`		*
`<BR>`	*
`<CITE>`	*
`<CODE>`	*
`<EM>`	*
`<FORM>`		*
`<I>`	*
`<IMG>`	*
`<KBD>`	*
`<P>`	*
`<PRE>`	*
`<SAMP>`	*
`<STRONG>`	*
`<TT>`	*
`<VAR>`	*

ALIGN

Compliance

Syntax

ALIGN=[LEFT][RIGHT][CENTER][TOP][BOTTOM][MIDDLE][TEXTTOP][JUSTIFY]

Definition

ALIGN is an attribute meant to apply further presentation formatting to a body of text (using LEFT, RIGHT, JUSTIFY, CENTER, or TEXTTOP) or a graphic (using TOP, MIDDLE, or BOTTOM).

Category

ALIGN is used in every Category except Dividers and Backgrounds/Colors.

Example Syntax

<IMG SRC="MYFILE.GIF" ALIGN=TOP>

ALINK

Compliance

Syntax

ALINK="#RRGGBB">

Definition

The ALINK attribute defines the color of the "active link." Change the color mix used by ALINK by specifying color saturation in red (R), green (G), and blue (B). You can specify generic colors by specifying RED, GREEN, BLUE, and so on.

Category

Links and Graphics

Example Syntax

<BODY ALINK="#FFFFFF">

ALL

Compliance

Syntax

ALL

Definition

ALL is an variable used in the CLEAR attribute, which formats text to appear along the left, right, or below a line break.

Category

Dividers

Example Syntax

<BR CLEAR=ALL>

AU

Compliance

Syntax

<AU>...</AU>

Definition

The <AU> tag is used to identify the author(s) of an HTML document. This tag is most commonly used by groups of HTML authors working in a cooperative environment. The <AU> tag often appears in corporate and commercially-prepared Web pages. Client browsers do not display this text.

Category

Miscellaneous

Example Syntax

<AU>Authors: Harold and Tim Robbins. Copyright 1996.</AU>

B

Compliance

Syntax

<B>...</B>

Definition

This tag displays the text between the tags in bold when viewed with a browser.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<B>Take $90 worth of books for only $3.</B>

In Actual Use

Figure 3.1: This is an application of the <B> tag.

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<B>`	`<B>` Can Be Used Inside This Element
`<A>`	*	*
`<ADDRESS>`		*
`<B>`	*	*
`<BR>`	*
`<CITE>`	*	*
`<CODE>`	*	*
`<DD>`		*
`<DT>`		*
`<EM>`	*	*
`<H1>`		*
`<H2>`		*
`<H3>`		*
`<H4>`		*
`<H5>`		*
`<H6>`		*
`<I>`	*	*
`<IMG>`	*
`<KBD>`	*	*
`<LI>`		*
`<P>`		*
`<PRE>`		*
`<SAMP>`	*	*
`<STRONG>`	*	*
`<TT>`	*	*
`<VAR>`	*	*

BACKGROUND

Compliance

Syntax

BACKGROUND="myfile.jpg"

Definition

BACKGROUND is an attribute of the <BODY> tag. The BACKGROUND attribute allows the HTML author to specify a graphics file to be tiled behind all other text and graphics on a page.

Category

Backgrounds/Colors

Example Syntax

<BODY BACKGROUND="images/clouds.jpg">

In Actual Use

Figure 3.2: This is an application of the BACKGROUND tag.

BANNER

Compliance

Syntax

<BANNER>...</BANNER>

Definition

The <BANNER> tag directs the HTML 3 compliant browser to render the <BANNER>graphic unmovable while the user scrolls the remainder of the content.

Example Syntax

<BANNER>This is our Home Page!</BANNER>

BASEFONT SIZE

Compliance

Syntax

<BASEFONT SIZE=...>

Definition

The <BASEFONT SIZE> tag gives the author a way to establish or re-establish the default font size for all text that follows in the same document. All fonts are sized the same unless otherwise specified farther in the document. This tag is very useful to authors who are pasting large quantities of block text into HTML documents, that is, Internet publishers. The <BASEFONT SIZE>tag relegates the stated font size to an effective zero. Once the <BASEFONT SIZE>is established, authors use +1 or -1 to singly increment the size either larger or smaller from zero. The default <BASEFONT SIZE>is three unless otherwise specified using the <BASEFONT SIZE> tag.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<BASEFONT SIZE=4>

BASE HREF

Compliance

Syntax

<BASE HREF=...>

Definition

The <BASE HREF> tag can be included in every page so that a reader can easily go to the home page if the reader has bypassed it to get to the current page.

Category

Links and Graphics

Example Syntax

<BASE HREF="http://www.askamerica.com/index.htm">

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Elemen Can Be Used Inside `<BASE HREF>`	`<BASE HREF>` Can Be Used Inside This Element	Find It on Page Number
`<HEAD>`		*	76

BASE TARGET

Compliance

Syntax

<BASE TARGET="...">

Definition

Netscape supports the use of named windows. The TARGET tag gives the user the ability to name and open windows as long as the client browser is Netscape Navigator. Windows must be named in the HTML document's header in the same way variables are declared by programmers using traditional programming languages. The author may specify a default window to be opened in lieu of other named windows should that secondary window not be named and a TARGET window be called by a hyperlink.

Category

Links and Graphics

Example Syntax

<BASE TARGET="ABOUT_WINDOW">

BGCOLOR

Compliance

Syntax

BGCOLOR=# ...

Definition

The BGCOLOR tag establishes the background color of the page. You can either use text-based color names such as RED, GREEN, or BLUE, or you can specify colors as a hexadecimal number.

Category

Backgrounds/Colors

Example Syntax

<BODY BGCOLOR="RED">

*<BODY BGCOLOR=#ff0000>

BGPROPERTIES

Compliance

Syntax

BGPROPERTIES="..."

Definition

When the author places the BGPROPERTIES tag within the <BODY>...</BODY> tags, a non-scrolling image appears on a solid background color. This image creates an impression much like that of a watermark seen on traditional stationary.

Category

Miscellaneous

Example Syntax

<BODY BACKGROUND="OUR_COMPANY_LOGO.GIF" BGPROPERTIES=FIXED></BODY>

BGSOUND

Compliance

Syntax

<BGSOUND=...>

Definition

The <BGSOUND> tag provides the author with a way to play a background sound file (WAV, AU, or MID) to anyone viewing their HTML document, as long as that viewer has a PC with sound capability. The sound file plays when the document is opened by the viewer. The SRC attribute indicates the physical location of the file on the server. The LOOP attribute determines the number of times the audio file is played; for example, LOOP=4 plays the file four times. The LOOP=INFINITE attribute plays the file repeatedly.

Category

Miscellaneous

Example Syntax

<BGSOUND SRC="MY_SOUND_FILE.WAV" LOOP=INFINITE>

BIG

Compliance

Syntax

<BIG>...</BIG>

Definition

The <BIG>tag allows the author to raise the font size of portions of text by one size increment, without further text formatting. For example, you may want to emphasize words in a sentence by making them one font size larger.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<BIG>Search</BIG> Coolblue! Magazine for the content that interests you.

In Actual Use

Figure 3.3: This is an application of the <BIG> tag.

BLINK

Compliance

Syntax

<BLINK>...</BLINK>

Definition

Directs the browser to "blink" the specified text. Only Netscape supports this tag.

Category

Presentation Formatting

Example Syntax

<BLINK>Click on a button!</BLINK>

BLOCKQUOTE

Compliance

Syntax

<BLOCKQUOTE>...</BLOCKQUOTE>

Definition

The <BLOCKQUOTE> tag causes the client browser to indent the specified text on both sides. <BLOCKQUOTE> also includes a paragraph break before and after. Some browsers show an italic font when the <BLOCKQUOTE>tag is used.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<BLOCKQUOTE>"in the future, everybody will be famous ..." Andy Warhol. </BLOCKQUOTE>

In Actual Use

Figure 3.4: This is an application of the <BLOCKQUOTE> tag.

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<BLOCKQUOTE>`	`<BLOCKQUOTE>` Can Be Used Inside This Element
`<ADDRESS>`		*
`<BLOCKQUOTE>`	*	*
`<BODY>`	*
`<DD>`	*
`<DIR>`		*
`<DL>`		*
`<FORM>`	*	*
`<H1>`		*
`<H2>`		*
`<H3>`		*
`<H4>`		*
`<H5>`		*
`<H6>`		*
`<HR>`		*
`<ISINDEX>`		*
`<LI>`		*
`<MENU>`	*
`<OL>`		*
`<P>`		*
`<PRE>`		*
`<UL>`		*

BODY

Compliance

Syntax

<BODY>...</BODY>

Definition

All text, images, and formatting visible to the user must occur between the <BODY>...</BODY>tags. Comment, <HEAD>, and other "for your eyes only" lines should occur before the <BODY> tag to prevent these lines from being displayed by the client browser.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<BODY> Your entire HTML document goes here... </BODY>

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<BODY>`	`<BODY>` Can Be Used Inside This Element
`<ADDRESS>`	*
`<BACKGROUND>`	*
`<BGCOLOR>`	*
`<BGMARGIN>`	*
`<BLOCKQUOTE>`	*
`<BODY>`	*
`<DIR>`	*
`<DL>`	*
`<FORM>`	*
`<H1>`	*
`<H2>`	*
`<H3>`	*
`<H4>`	*
`<H5>`	*
`<H6>`	*
`<HR>`	*
`<HTML>`		*
`<ISINDEX>`	*
`<LINK>`	*
`<MENU>`	*
`<OL>`	*
`<P>`	*
`<PRE>`	*
`<TEXT>`	*
`<TOPMARGIN>`	*
`<UL>`	*
`<VLINK>`	*

BORDER

Compliance

Syntax

BORDER= ...

Definition

Draws a border around a table or an image. The author can specify the color or the width of the border in pixels.

Category

Presentation Formatting

Example Syntax

<P><A HREF="MY_URL"><img src="images/netscape.gif" alt="[Netscape Icon]" border=5 </P>

BQ

Compliance

Syntax

<BQ>...</BQ>

Definition

The <BQ> tag is synonymous with the <BLOCKQUOTE> tag. The <BQ> tag directs the client browser to indent both before and after each line of text. <BQ> causes a paragraph break before and after. Some browsers display an italic font with <BQ>.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<BQ>"in the future, everybody will be famous ...." Andy Warhol.</BQ>

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Inside Be Used	`<BQ>` Can Be Used Inside This Element
`<ADDRESS>`		*
`<BLOCKQUOTE>`	*	*
`<BODY>`	*
`<DD>`	*
`<DIR>`		*
`<DL>`		*
`<FORM>`	*	*
`<H1>`		*
`<H2>`		*
`<H3>`		*
`<H4>`		*
`<H5>`		*
`<H6>`		*
`<HR>`		*
`<ISINDEX>`		*
`<LI>`		*
`<MENU>`	*
`<OL>`		*
`<P>`		*
`<UL>`		*

BR

Compliance

Syntax

<BR>

Definition

The <BR> tag directs the client browser to insert a line break in an HTML document. If the <BR> tag is used with the <IMG> tag, text following an image can be aligned with the left or right side of the image. The CLEAR attribute can used, in conjunction with an image, to center text directly below an image. The <BR> tag (used alone) has the same effect as a carriage return on a typewriter. The <BR> tag can follow text on the same line, or it can be on a line of its own.

Category

Presentation Formatting

Example Syntax

My Name<BR> My Street Address<BR> My City, My State, My Zip<BR>

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<BODY>`	`<BR>` Can Be Used Inside This Element
`<A>`		*
`<ADDRESS>`		*
`<B>`		*
`<BR>`	*
`<CITE>`		*
`<CLEAR>`		*
`<CODE>`		*
`<DD>`		*
`<DT>`		*
`<EM>`		*
`<H1>`		*
`<H2>`		*
`<H3>`		*
`<H4>`		*
`<H5>`		*
`<H6>`		*
`<I>`		*
`<KBD>`		*
`<LI>`		*
`<P>`		*
`<PRE>`		*
`<SAMP>`		*
`<STRONG>`		*
`<TT>`		*
`<VAR>`		*

CAPTION

Compliance

Syntax

<CAPTION>...</CAPTION>

Definition

The <CAPTION>tag places a header or caption directly before the rows and columns of a table. <CAPTION> and its attributes must be included within the <TABLE> tags. A caption can be aligned to either the TOP, which is the default, or BOTTOM of the text line. The <CAPTION> tag centers enclosed text on the line.

Category

Tables

Example Syntax

<TABLE><CAPTION>Captions are centered by default</CAPTION></TABLE>

CELLPADDING

Compliance

Syntax

CELLPADDING=...

Definition

Specifies the thickness of a cell wall in a frame.

Category

Frames

Example Syntax

CELLPADDING=3

CELLSPACING

Compliance

Syntax

CELLSPACING=...

Definition

CELLSPACINGis an attribute used in creating tables. The CELLSPACING attribute directs the browser to display the specified number of blank spaces between the cell borders and the content of the cell.

Category

Frames

Example Syntax

CELLSPACING=3

CENTER

Compliance

Syntax

<CENTER>...</CENTER>

Definition

As a stand-alone HTML tag (not an attribute of another HTML tag) <CENTER>directs the client browser to center text or an image. Some HTML tags, such as the <BLOCKQUOTE> and <BQ> tags, also center by default. Since CENTER is also used as an attribute of many other HTML tags, check the context of CENTER in any HTML tag using the CENTER attribute for complete usage and definition in context.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<CENTER>Any text or image can be centered by the browser.</CENTER>

CHECKED

Compliance

Syntax

CHECKED

Definition

The CHECKED tag sets the default setting of a check box or radio button to "on" or "checked" by default.

Category

Forms

Example Syntax

<INPUT CHECKED>

CIRCLE

Compliance

Syntax

...=CIRCLE

Definition

CIRCLE one of three attributes of the AREA SHAPE tag/attribute combination. The CIRCLEattribute specifies that the shape of the clickable part of an image is in the shape of a circle.

Category

Links and Graphics

Example Syntax

<AREA SHAPE=CIRCLE/MAP>

CITE

Compliance

Syntax

<CITE>...</CITE>

Definition

Text within the <CITE> tag is italicized.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<CITE>This text will be italicized.</CITE>

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<CITE>`	`<CITE>`Can Be Used Inside Element
`<A>`	*	*
`<ADDRESS>`		*
`<B>`	*	*
`<BR>`	*
`<CITE>`	*	*
`<CODE>`	*	*
`<DD>`		*
`<DT>`		*
`<EM>`	*	*
`<H1>`		*
`<H2>`		*
`<H3>`		*
`<H4>`		*
`<H5>`		*
`<H6>`		*
`<I>`	*	*
`<IMG>`	*
`<KBD>`	*	*
`<LI>`		*
`<P>`		*
`<PRE>`		*
`<STRONG>`	*	*
`<SAMP>`	*	*
`<TT>`	*	*
`<VAR>`	*	*

CODE

Compliance

Syntax

<CODE>...</CODE>

Definition

Text within the<CODE>tag appears in a monospace font when viewed through a browser. The author may tailor the font in size, font name, or other font treatment.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<CODE>This text is displayed using Courier New.</CODE>

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<CODE>`	`<CODE>` Can Be Used Inside This Element
`<A>`	*	*
`<ADDRESS>`		*
`<IMG>`	*
`<B>`	*	*
`<BR>`	*
`<CITE>`	*	*
`<CODE>`	*	*
`<DD>`		*
`<DT>`		*
`<EM>`	*	*
`<H1>`		*
`<H2>`		*
`<H3>`		*
`<H4>`		*
`<H5>`		*
`<H6>`		*
`<I>`	*	*
`<KBD>`	*	*
`<LI>`		*
`<P>`		*
`<PRE>`		*
`<SAMP>`	*	*
`<STRONG>`	*	*
`<TT>`	*	*
`<VAR>`	*	*

COMMENT

Compliance

Syntax

<COMMENT>...</COMMENT>

Definition

The <COMMENT> tag tells the client browser to ignore text between the tags. The <COMMENT>tags are used to embed text in an HTML document, yet make it visible to those who read the HTML source code for that document. <COMMENT> is popular with those who are sharing documents with multiple authors, allowing the tracing of individual edits (and dates of those edits) among multiple authors in a work group environment. Well commented source code is generally accepted as an instrument of professional programmers worldwide.

See !-- for more on inserting comments into HTML documents.

Category

Miscellaneous

Example Syntax

<COMMENT>Last edited by Bob Mullen, 8/15/96.</COMMENT>

COMPACT

Compliance

Syntax

... COMPACT

Definition

Most often used with the <MENU> tag, the COMPACT attribute directs the client browser to minimize spaces between individual paragraphs of text in a menu list.

Category

Lists

Example Syntax

<MENU COMPACT>

CONTENT

Compliance

Syntax

<META...CONTENT="...">

Definition

CONTENT is an attribute of the <META> tag. The CONTENT attribute, when used in conjunction with the HTTP-EQUIV and REFRESH attributes, determines how often the specified image [URL] is to be refreshed on the browser screen, in seconds.

Category

Links and Graphics

Example Syntax

<META HTTP-EQUIV="REFRESH" CONTENT=2 URL=HTTP://www.bob.nuts.htm>

CONTROLS

Compliance

Syntax

... CONTROLS

Definition

CONTROLS is an attribute of the <IMG> tag. The CONTROLS attribute directs the browser to display a VCR-like panel of buttons below the display of an AVI file or video clip. This panel of buttons can be used to control the playing of the video clip.

Category

Miscellaneous

Example Syntax

<IMG DYNSRC="MY_CLIP.AVI" CONTROLS>

COORDS

Compliance

Syntax

COORDS=...

Definition

This attribute indicates the vector coordinates that are intended to be "clickable" in an image map. Image maps must be supported by the server for any client browsers to render them properly. Some ISPs do not support image maps because of legacy server software. In the following example, the user clicks within the coordinates of the image map to link the specified Web site.

Category

Links and Graphics

Example Syntax

<AREA SHAPE="RECT" COORDS="150, 25, 250, 125">

CREDIT

Compliance

Syntax

<CREDIT>...</CREDIT>

Definition

This tag is used to indicate credit for material included in a document. Credit is often given to sources and individuals who are being quoted directly.

Category

Miscellaneous

Example Syntax

<CREDIT>Photo used by permission of The Bettman Archives.</CREDIT>

DD

Compliance

Syntax

<DD>...</DD>

Definition

The <DD> tag is part of the formatting of a definition list. The <DD> tag directs the client browser to display an indented definition below the definition term. The <DD> and <DD>> tags are useful, for example, in formatting multiple glossary or dictionary entries in an HTML document.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<DD><IMG SRC="IMAGES/BULLET2.GIF" ALT="[BULLET]" THE BUTTON TAKES YOU BACK HOME TO THE FRONT COVER ... </DD>

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<DD>`	`<DD>` Can Be Used Inside This Element	Find It on Page Number
`<A>`	*		20
`<IMG>`	*		83-85, 94-95
`<B>`	*		24-26
`<BLOCKQUOTE>`	*		33-35
`<BR>`	*		37-38
`<CITE>`	*		42-43
`<CODE>`	*		43-44
`<DD>`	*		48
`<DIR>`	*		50
`<DL>`	*	*	52
`<EM>`	*		55
`<FORM>`	*		60-62
`<I>`	*		81-82
`<ISINDEX>`	*		87-88
`<KBD>`	*		90-91
`<MENU>`	*		100
`<OL>`	*		107-108
`<P>`	*		110-111
`<PRE>`	*		113-114
`<SAMP>`	*		116-117
`<STRONG>`	*		124-125
`<TT>`	*		138-139
`<UL>`	*		140
`<VAR>`	*		142-143

DEL

Compliance

Syntax

<DEL>...</DEL>

Definition

The <DEL> tag provides the author with a method of noting document content that has been deleted from the working body of the document as rendered by the client browser. This tag is most useful to groups of authors who edit shared HTML documents or to authors who are editing a document with a revised URL.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<DEL>The upcoming celebration will be held in Nevada City!</DEL>

DFN

Compliance

Syntax

<DFN>...</DFN>

Definition

DFN stands for "defining instance." The<DFN> tag is used to delineate sub-definitions in a definition. A similar effect is found in a traditional dictionary where there are multiple definitions for the same term. The <DFN> tag provides the author with a method of organizing multiple, related instances into a compact area as a single definition. Line feeds can arrange each defining instance onto it's own line, you can see in the "Example Syntax" section.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<DFN>This text will be displayed as a unique "definition".</DFN>

DIR

Compliance

Syntax

<DIR>...</DIR>

Definition

The<DIR> tag provides a way for the author to create a list that is compact and has narrow columns. A common use for the<DIR> tag is in alphanumeric indexes of content. The <DIR> tag constrains each item in the list to 20 characters.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<DIR> <LI>NY Cities <LI>Manhattan <LI>Yonnkers <LI>White Plains <LI>Queens <LI>Rochester</DIR>

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<DIR>`	`<DIR>` Can Be Used Inside This Element
`<BLOCKQUOTE>`		*
`<BODY>`		*
`<DD>`		*
`<DIR COMPACT>`	*
`<FORM>`		*
`<LI>`	*	*

DISC

Compliance

Syntax

... DISC

Definition

DISC is an attribute of the <LI> tag. If you want to bullet an entire unordered list with dots, use the DISC attribute after the <LI> tag. The client browser bullets each item in an unordered list with one of three bullets: DISC, CIRCLE,and SQUARE. DISC is the default bullet style. The author can specify any of the three attribute types on any item on a list by specifying different attributes on individual lines inside the <LI> tags.

Category

Lists

Example Syntax

TYPE=DISC

DIV

Compliance

Syntax

<DIV>...</DIV>

Definition

Divisions are another means for the author to present entire paragraphs of text. In Netscape Navigator, attributes of <DIV> are LEFT, RIGHT, andCENTER. With other client browsers, divisions are used to organize content into chapters and sections using the CLASS attribute.

Category

Structural

Example Syntax

<DIV ALIGN=CENTER>This paragraph of text will be centered.</DIV>

DL

Compliance

Syntax

<DL>...</DL>

Definition

The <DL> tag directs the client browser to display content as a list of terms and definitions, as in a glossary. The term is displayed flush left, with the term's definition slightly indented. Definition terms are displayed within one third of the total available display area. The COMPACT attribute directs the client browser to display a definition list in the smallest area possible.

Category

Lists

Example Syntax

<DL> <DT>Fish<DD>A reptile that dwells in water. <DT>Bird<DD>A reptile that dwells out of water. </DL>

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<DL>`	`<DL>` Can Be Used Inside This Element
`<BLOCKQUOTE>`		*
`<BODY>`		*
`<DT>`	*
`<DD>`	*	*
`<FORM>`		*
`<LI>`		*

DOCTYPE

Compliance

Syntax

<!DOCTYPE...>

Definition

The <DOCTYPE> tag is used to indicate to a server that the document is in HTML. The <DOCTYPE> tag is always placed before the <BODY> section of an HTML document.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<!DOCTYPE HTML>

DT

Compliance

Syntax

<DT>...</DT>

Definition

DT stands for "definition term." Used in definition lists, <DT>presents text as the term before the definition, aligned to the left on the page. The definition follows the term.

See DD.

Category

Lists

Example Syntax

<DL> <DT>Fish<DD>A reptile that dwells in water. <DT>Bird<DD>A reptile that dwells out of water. </DL>

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<DT>`	`<DT>` Can Be Used Inside This Element
`<A>`	*
`<B>`	*
`<BR>`	*
`<CITE>`	*
`<CODE>`	*
`<DL>`		*
`<EM>`	*
`<I>`	*
`<IMG>`	*
`<KBD>`	*
`<SAMP>`	*
`<STRONG>`	*
`<TT>`	*
`<VAR>`	*

DYNSRC

Compliance

Syntax

DYNSRC= ...

Definition

DYNSRC, which stands for "dynamic support," is an attribute of the <IMG> tag. The <DYNSRC> attribute specifies the location of a video or AVI clip (or VRML world) to be run in a window. Usually represented by a still image on a page, the client browser plays the file when the user moves the mouse pointer over the image or when the user clicks the representative image. AVI and VRML worlds can be played by default when a page is opened. The client browser must utilize inline video to display the DYNSRC attribute
properly.

Category

Miscellaneous

Example Syntax

<IMG SRC="MY_FILE.GIF" DYNSRC="MY_MOVIE.AVI">

EM

Compliance

Syntax

<EM>...</EM>

Definition

The <EM> tag, which stands for "emphasis," directs the client browser to italicize the rendering of text. Some more obscure client browsers may render text inside <EM> tags in both italics and bold for added effect.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<EM>This text is displayed in italics!</EM>

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<EM>`	`<EM>` Can Can Be Used Inside This Element
`<A>`	*	*
`<ADDRESS>`		*
`<B>`	*	*
`<BR>`	*
`<CITE>`	*	*
`<CODE>`	*	*
`<DD>`		*
`<DT>`		*
`<EM>`	*	*
`<H1>`		*
`<H2>`		*
`<H3>`		*
`<H4>`		*
`<H5>`		*
`<H6>`		*
`<I>`	*	*
`<IMG>`	*
`<KBD>`	*	*
`<LI>`		*
`<P>`		*
`<PRE>`		*
`<SAMP>`	*	*
`<STRONG>`	*	*
`<TT>`	*	*
`<VAR>`	*	*

EMBED

Compliance

Syntax

<EMBED ...>

Definition

The <EMBED> tag allows the author to display a file and allows that file to then be edited by the user. When the user clicks the file, the associated application on the user's machine is launched to edit the embedded file. An application must be associated with the embedded file type for the <EMBED> tag to properly perform. The WIDTH andHEIGHT attributes determine the dimensions (in pixels) of the displayed object. The original file located on the server is not edited.

Category

Links and Graphics

Example Syntax

<EMBED SRC="MY_IMAGES/MY_IMAGE.GIF" WIDTH=350 HEIGHT=150>

ENCTYPE

Compliance

Syntax

ENCTYPE ...

Definition

ENCTYPE is an attribute of the <FORM> tag. The ENCTYPE attribute uploads a file to the server based on input from the user. The user names the form to be uploaded in a text box in a form. When the user clicks the submit button, the file is sent to the specified URL (a location on the server).

Category

Links and Graphics

Example Syntax

<FORM ENCTYPE="FILENAME" ACTION="MY_URL" METHOD=POST>

FIGURE

Compliance

Syntax

<FIGURE>...</FIGURE>

Definition

The <FIGURE>tag tells the client browser to display the image file (an URL) named within the <FIGURE> tag.

Category

Links and Graphics

Example Syntax

<FIGURE SRC="/IMAGES/MY_IMAGE.GIF"></figure>

FILEOPEN

Compliance

Syntax

START=FILEOPEN

Definition

FILEOPEN is an attribute of the <IMG> tag. Used to play a video clip, the FILEOPENattribute instructs the client browser to play the video clip immediately once the file is opened by the user.

Category

Links and Graphics

Example Syntax

<IMG SRC="MY_IMAGE.GIF" DYNSRC="MY_BARBEQUE.AVI" START=FILEOPEN>

FONT

Compliance

Syntax

<FONT>...</FONT>

Definition

The <FONT> tag provides the author with a means of customizing how text appears with regards to font type, size, and color as well as other attributes. While most client browsers accept manipulation of text with most <FONT>attributes, some browsers accept more attributes than others. For example, Internet Explorer's FACE attribute of the <FONT> tag is not recognized by other client browsers.

Category

Presentation Formatting

Example Syntax

<FONT FACE="Arial,Lucida Sans,Times Roman" COLOR=RED FONT SIZE=-1>

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<FONT>`	`<FONT>` Can Be Used Inside This Element
Find It on Page Number	`COLOR`	*
	59	`FACE`
	*	59
`SIZE`	*
60, 87, 120, 121

FONT COLOR

Compliance

Syntax

<FONT COLOR=...>

Definition

The COLOR attribute of the <FONT> tag determines the color applied to the text between the <FONT>...</FONT> tags. Color can be selected using two different criteria. The first is by naming the actual color (for example, RED, BLUE, and so on). The second is by specifying the shade using a hexidecimal reference that indicates the percentages of red, green, and blue. The "Example Syntax" section indicates the color of red in hexadecimal format. Some browsers do not recognize the use of hexadecimal when specifying colors.

Category

Presentation Formatting

Example Syntax

<FONT COLOR=#ff0000>This text is RED!</FONT>

FONT FACE

Compliance

Syntax

<FONT FACE=...>

Definition

The FACE attribute is an attribute of the<FONT> tag. The author can name the font used to display text. The author may specify up to three fonts, each to be used in the event that the preceding font is not available on the client browser's system. If the specified fonts are not found on the client browser's system, the browser uses its default font.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<FONT FACE="CG OMEGA,Lucida Sans,Arial"></FONT>

The SIZE is an attribute of <FONT> tag. The author can change the relative size of a font by specifying how much larger or smaller the font should appear. The SIZE attribute increases or decreases the SIZE of the BASEFONT setting. To instruct the client browser to make the font size one size larger, the statement reads <FONT SIZE=+1>; in other words, the font size one size larger than the BASEFONT size whether that be default or author-defined. The default BASEFONT size is 3. The acceptable settings for the SIZE attribute are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 in both positive and negative.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<FONT SIZE=+1></FONT>

FORM

Compliance

Syntax

<FORM>...</FORM>

Definition

The <FORM> tag provides a means of accepting input from the user. Information collected on a form can be displayed by the browser or sent to the server. Several attributes can be used with the <FORM> tag. Forms are normally a collection of inputs on a page. Users can click check boxes, radio buttons, and drop-down lists to make selections. Users can also enter text into text boxes. When the user clicks the submit button, the contents of the form are processed. The attributes of the <FORM> tag are too numerous to detail here. Use the jump table to find descriptions of relative tags and attributes on other pages of this book.

Category

Forms

Example Syntax

<P><FORM ACTION="FEEDBACK.HTM" METHOD="POST"><INPUT TYPE="HIDDEN" </P></FORM>

In Actual Use

Figure 3.5: This is an example of a form's drop-down list and text boxes.

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<FORM>`	`<FORM>` Can Be Used Inside This Element
`<ACTION>`	*
`<ADDRESS>`	*
`<ALIGN>`	*
`<BLOCKQUOTE>`	*	*
`<CHECKED>`	*
`<CONTROL>`	*
`<DD>`		*
`<DIR>`	*
`<DL>`	*
`<H2>`	*
`<H3>`	*
`<H4>`	*
`<H5>`	*
`<H6>`	*
`<HR>`	*
`<INPUT>`	*
`<ISINDEX>`	*
`<LI>`		*
`<MAXLENGTH>`	*
`<MENU>`	*
`<METHOD>`	*
`<NAME>`	*
`<OL>`	*
`<P>`	*
`<POST>`	*
`<PRE>`	*
`<SELECT>`	*
`<SIZE>`	*
`<SRC>`	*
`<TEXTAREA>`	*
`<UL>`	*
`<VALUE>`	*

FRAME

Compliance

Syntax

<FRAME...>

Definition

Netscape provides the Web author with the ability to create windows called frames. When used alone, the <FRAME>tag simply defines a single frame that's part of a group of frames called a frameset. The <FRAME>tag can utilize six attributes that determine the functionality and dimensions of the frame: FRAME NAME, FRAME MARGINWIDTH, FRAME MARGINHEIGHT, FRAME NORESIZE, FRAME SCROLLING,and FRAME SRC. These attributes are described in detail on other pages of this book.

Category

Frames

Example Syntax

See the six attributes for the <FRAME> tag for examples of usage.

FRAME MARGINHEIGHT

Compliance

Syntax

<FRAME MARGINHEIGHT= "...">

Definition

The MARGINHEIGHT attribute of the <FRAME>tag determines how much vertical space (in pixels) exists between the object located in a frame and the top or bottom inside edges of that frame. The client browser determines the appropriate MARGINHEIGHTif none is specified in the HTML document.

Category

Frames

Example Syntax

<FRAME MARGINHEIGHT=2>

FRAME MARGINWIDTH

Compliance

Syntax

<FRAME MARGINWIDTH="...">

Definition

The MARGINWIDTH attribute of the <FRAME><FRAME>tag determines how much horizontal space (in pixels) exists between the object located in a frame and the left or right inside edges of that frame. The client browser determines the appropriate MARGINWIDTHif none is specified in the HTML document.

Category

Frames

Example Syntax

<FRAME MARGINWIDTH=2>

FRAME NAME

Compliance

Syntax

<FRAME NAME="...">

Definition

The NAME attribute gives the HTML author the ability to name to <FRAME>windows that hyperlinks in other HTML documents can target. The NAMEattribute of the <FRAME>tag is optional and must use alphanumeric characters.

Category

Frames

Example Syntax

<FRAME NAME="MY_FRAME">

FRAME NORESIZE

Compliance

Syntax

<FRAME NORESIZE>

Definition

The NORESIZE attribute tells the client browser that the frame is not resizable by the user. Users typically resize frames by dragging a frame edge to a new position. The edge of an adjacent frame affected by the FRAME NORESIZEattribute is non-resizable. By default, Netscape allows all frames to be resized.

Category

Frames

Example Syntax

<FRAME NORESIZE>

FRAME SCROLLING

Compliance

Syntax

FRAME SCROLLING="..."

Definition

The HTML author can enable scroll bar capability to a frame. YES always displays scroll bars on that frame. The three possible settings are

FRAME SCROLLING=YES FRAME SCROLLING=NO FRAME SCROLLING=AUTO

The AUTO setting only displays a scroll bar when more content exists than can be seen in the frame. Netscape uses the AUTO setting by default.

Category

Frames

Example Syntax

FRAME SCROLLING=AUTO

FRAME SRC

Compliance

Syntax

<FRAME SRC="...">

Definition

The HTML author can tell the client browser to display the contents of an HTML document in a frame by using the FRAME SRC="..." attribute. Apply the standard rules for using any URL with the SRC attribute.

Category

Frames

Example Syntax

<FRAME SRC="HTTP://WWW.MY_HTML_DOCUMENT.HTM>

FRAMESET

Compliance

Syntax

<FRAMESET "...">

Definition

The FRAMESET tag defines the region of the screen in which the client browser constructs a frame. All FRAME dimensions and attributes are placed inside the FRAMESET tag. The FRAMESET tag must be used in lieu of the <BODY>...</BODY>tags or frames are not shown by the client browser. The FRAMESET tag and its attributes can be nested within other FRAMESET tags and attributes.

Category

Frames

Example Syntax

<HTML> <HEAD> </HEAD> <FRAMESET> </FRAMESET> </HTML>

FR`AMESET ROWS

Compliance

Syntax

<FRAMESET ROWS="...">

Definition

The ROWS attribute when used with the FRAMESET tag determines the width of each frame in pixels, percentage of available space, or at the browser's discretion. Variables (settings) for this attribute must be separated by commas. The "*" setting directs the browser to determine the optimum row size. The author may assign multiple settings that match the number of frames. The author can assign any combination of the three available setting types, separated by commas. By placing a number before the "*" setting (for example, "2*") in a compound setting statement, the author directs the client browser to double its assignment of space based on its assessment of the space available.

Category

Frames

Example Syntax

<FRAMESET ROWS=25> <FRAMESET ROWS="50%"> <FRAMESET ROWS="*"> <FRAMESET ROWS="25,2*,50%">

FRAMESET COLS

Compliance

Syntax

<FRAMESET COLS="...">

Definition

The COLS attribute when used with the FRAMESET tag determines the height of each frame in pixels, percentage of available space, or at the browser's discretion. Variables (settings) for this attribute must be separated by commas. The "*" setting directs the browser to determine the optimum column size. The author may assign multiple settings that match the number of frames. The author can assign any combination of the three available setting types, separated by commas. By placing a number before the "*" setting (for example, "2*") in a compound setting statement, the author directs the client browser to double its assignment of space based on its assessment of the space available.

Category

Frames

Example Syntax

<FRAMESET COLS="25"> <FRAMESET COLS ="50%"> <FRAMESET COLS ="*"> <FRAMESET ROWS="25,2*,50%">

In Actual Use

Figure 3.6: The Netscape Web pages exhibit an exciting use of frames.

H1

Compliance

Syntax

<H1>...</H1>

Definition

H1 stands for "heading 1," a first-level heading in a body of text. The client browser presents text inside the <H1> tag in a predetermined font presentation. There are six headings numbered one through six.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<H1>How about a little <B><I>CoolBlue!</I></B> feedback? </H1>

In Actual Use

Figure 3.7: This is the result of the example syntax.

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<FRAME>`	`<FRAME>` Can Be UsedInside This Element
`<A>`	*
`ALIGN`	*
`<B>`	*
`<BLOCKQUOTE>`		*
`<BODY>`		*
`<BR>`	*
`<CITE>`	*
`<CODE>`	*
`<EM>`	*
`<FORM>`		*
`<I>`	*
`<IMG>`	*
`<KBD>`	*
`<SAMP>`	*
`<STRONG>`	*
`<TT>`	*
`<VAR>`	*

H2

Compliance

Syntax

<H2>...</H2>

Definition

H2 stands for "heading 2," a second-level heading in a body of text. The client browser presents text inside the <H2> tag in a predetermined font presentation.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<H2><IMG SRC="BUTT07B.GIF" HEIGHT=80 WIDTH=112 ALIGN=LEFT> OK, <B><I>CoolBlue!</I></B> ... What's New? </H2>

In Actual Use

Figure 3.8: This is the result of the example syntax.

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<H2>`	`<H2>` Can Be Used Inside This Element
`<A>`	*
`ALIGN`	*
`<B>`	*
`<BLOCKQUOTE>`		*
`<BODY>`		*
`<BR>`	*
`<CITE>`	*
`<CODE>`	*
`<EM>`	*
`<FORM>`		*
`<I>`	*
`<IMG>`	*
`<KBD>`	*
`<SAMP>`	*
`<STRONG>`	*
`<TT>`	*
<VAR>	*

H3

Compliance

Syntax

<H3>...</H3>

Definition

H3 stands for "heading 3," a third-level heading in a body of text. The client browser presents text inside the <H3> tag in a predetermined font presentation.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<H2>Your heading text goes here...</H2>

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<H3>`	`<H3>` Can Be Used Inside This Element
`<A>`	*
`ALIGN`	*
`<B>`	*
`<BLOCKQUOTE>`		*
`<BODY>`		*
`<BR>`	*
`<CITE>`	*
`<CODE>`	*
`<EM>`	*
`<FORM>`		*
`<I>`	*
`<IMG>`	*
`<KBD>`	*
`<SAMP>`	*
`<STRONG>`	*
`<TT>`	*
<VAR>	*

H4

Compliance

Syntax

<H4> .... </H4>

Definition

H4 stands for "heading 4," a fourth-level heading in a body of text. The client browser presents text inside the <H4> tag in a predetermined font presentation.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<H4>Your heading text goes here...</H4>

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<H4>`	`<H4>` CanBe Used Inside This Element
`<A>`	*
`ALIGN`	*
`<B>`	*
`<BLOCKQUOTE>`		*
`<BODY>`		*
`<BR>`	*
`<CITE>`	*
`<CODE>`	*
`<EM>`	*
`<FORM>`		*
`<I>`	*
`<IMG>`	*
`<KBD>`	*
`<SAMP>`	*
`<STRONG>`	*
`<TT>`	*
<VAR>	*

H5

Compliance

Syntax

<H5>...</H5>

Definition

H5 stands for "heading 5," a fifth-level heading in a body of text. The client browser presents text inside the <H5> tag in a predetermined font presentation.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<H5>Your heading text goes here...</H5>

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<H5>`	`<H5>` Can Be Used Inside This Element
`<A>`	*
`ALIGN`	*
`<B>`	*
`<BLOCKQUOTE>`		*
`<BODY>`		*
`<BR>`	*
`<CITE>`	*
`<CODE>`	*
`<EM>`	*
`<FORM>`		*
`<I>`	*
`<IMG>`	*
`<KBD>`	*
`<SAMP>`	*
`<STRONG>`	*
`<TT>`	*
<VAR>	*

H6

Compliance

Syntax

<H6>...</H6>

Definition

H6 stands for "heading 6," a sixth-level heading in a body of text. The client browser presents text inside the <H6> tag in a predetermined font presentation.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<H6>Your heading text goes here...</H6>

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<H6>`	`<H6>` Can Be Used Inside This Element
`<A>`	*
`ALIGN`	*
`<B>`	*
`<BLOCKQUOTE>`		*
`<BODY>`		*
`<BR>`	*
`<CITE>`	*
`<CODE>`	*
`<EM>`	*
`<FORM>`		*
`<I>`	*
`<IMG>`	*
`<KBD>`	*
`<SAMP>`	*
`<STRONG>`	*
`<TT>`	*
<VAR>	*

HEAD

Compliance

Syntax

<HEAD>...</HEAD>

Definition

The <HEAD> tag begins (and ends) a part of an HTML document that refers to the document's usage context. The <TITLE> tag is normally enclosed in the <HEAD> tag, as is the <META> tag.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<HEAD> <TITLE>CoolBlue! ... Your Watchdog Computer Magazine</TITLE> <META NAME="GENERATOR" content="Mozilla/2.01Gold (Win32)"> </HEAD>

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Can Be Used Inside `<HEAD>`	`<HEAD>` Can Be Used Inside This Element
`<BASE>`	*
`<HTML>`		*
`<ISINDEX>`	*
`<META>`	*
`<NEXTID>`	*
`<TITLE>`	*

HR

Compliance

Syntax

<HR>

Definition

The <HR> tag draws a horizontal rule that is self-justifying and shaded for a 3-D look by default. The ALIGN attribute of <HR> can set the rule to justify to the LEFT, CENTER, or RIGHT. The NOSHADE attribute of <HR> removes the rule's default shade. The HEIGHT attribute of <HR> determines the height of the rule. The <HR> tag also accepts a WIDTH attribute that allows the HTML author to specify the width of a rule in either pixels or in the percentage of the available display space.

Category

Miscellaneous

Example Syntax

<HR>

In Actual Use

Figure 3.9: This is an example of the <HR> tag.

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<HR>`	`<HR>` Can Be Used Inside This Element
`ALIGN`		*
`<BLOCKQUOTE>`	*
`<BODY>`	*
`<FORM>`	*
`<NOSHADE>`		*
`<PRE>`		*
`<SIZE>`		*
`<WIDTH>`		*

HREF

Compliance

Syntax

<HREF...>

Definition

The <HREF> tag precedes a specified hypertext link.

The <HREF> tag can refer to

Another URL on the WWW with the following syntax:
<A HREF="HTTP:// ...">
A WWW newsgroup with the following syntax:
<A HREF=NEWS:NEWSGROUP>...</a> An FTP site with this syntax: <A HREF="FTP://...">
A Gopher server with the following syntax:
<A HREF="GOPHER://...>
A mail program with the following syntax:

<A HREF="MAILTO:ANY_MAIL_ADDRESS" TITLE="ANY_SUBJECT">

Note

Some browsers ignore the TITLE attribute of HREF MAILTO.

A NEWSRC file with the following syntax:
<A HREF="NEWSRC:...">
A non-default news server with the following syntax:
<A HREF="NNTP://...">
A telnet site with the following syntax:
<A HREF="TELNET://...">
A WAIS index server with the following syntax:
<A HREF="WAIS://...">

Category

Links and Graphics

Example Syntax

See the earlier "Definition" section.

HSPACE

Compliance

Syntax

HSPACE="..."

Definition

The HSPACE attribute is used by several tags. When used with the <IMG> tag, the HSPACE attribute sets the amount of blank space in pixels beside an image. Not all tags that use the HSPACE attribute are recognized by all browsers.

Category

Links and Graphics

Example Syntax

<IMG SRC="HTTP://MY_IMAGE" HSPACE=3>

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<HSPACE>`	`<HSPACE>` Can Be Used Inside This Element
`<IMG>`		*
`<MARQUEE>`	*

HTML

Compliance

Syntax

<HTML>...</HTML>

Definition

The <HTML> tag indicates the absolute beginning and end of an HTML file. All other HTML tags must be used inside the <HTML> tag.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<HTML> <BODY> <H1>This is an HTML document with only on line of text in it!</H1> </BODY> </HTML>

HTTP-EQUIV

Compliance

Syntax

<META HTTP-EQUIV="REFRESH" CONTENT=2>

Definition

HTTP-EQUIV is an attribute of the META tag. When used, this attribute directs the client browser to periodically refresh an HTML document.

Category

Links and Graphics

Example Syntax

<META HTTP-EQUIV="REFRESH" CONTENT=5>

I

Compliance

Syntax

<I>...</I>

Definition

Text within the <I> tag appears in italics.

Category

Presentation Formatting

Example Syntax

<H3><I>Please address your return envelope. Postage is prepaid by CoolBlue!

Magazine ...</I></H3>

In Actual Use

Figure 3.10: This is the result of the example syntax.

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<I>`	`<I>` Can Be Used Inside This Element
`<A>`	*	*
`<ADDRESS>`		*
`<B>`	*	*
`<BR>`	*
`<CITE>`	*	*
`<CODE>`	*	*
`<DD>`		*
`<DT>`		*
`<EM>`	*	*
`<H1>`		*
`<H2>`		*
`<H3>`		*
`<H4>`		*
`<H5>`		*
`<H6>`		*
`<I>`	*	*
`<IMG>`	*
`<KBD>`	*	*
`<LI>`		*
`<P>`		*
`<PRE>`		*
`<SAMP>`	*	*
`<STRONG>`	*	*
`<TT>`	*	*
`<VAR>`	*	*

ID

Compliance

Syntax

ID="..."

Definition

ID is an attribute for the <A> and <TABSTOP> tags. When used with the <A> tag, the ID attribute is used to specify an alias for a name such as a file or URL. When the ID attribute is used in the context of the <TABSTOP> tag, the ID setting sets that tabstop at the current geographical location in the HTML document.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<A ID="MY_LABEL">

IMG

Compliance

Syntax

<IMG=...>

Definition

The <IMG> tag directs the browser to display a specified image. There are several attributes for the <IMG> tag. A graphics file need not be permanently resized to be displayed in varying contexts; however, the HTML author may direct the browser to resize with specified WIDTH and HEIGHT attributes. A clear BORDER, specified in pixels, can be applied to an image. An image can be aligned with the ALIGN=TOP, ALIGN=MIDDLE, ALIGN=BOTTOM, ALIGN=LEFT, and ALIGN=RIGHT attributes.

The ALT="..." attribute substitutes text specified by the HTML author in the event a specified image cannot be displayed. The CONTROLS attribute directs the client browser to display a VCR-like set of controls to be used in the play of AVI or other motion picture files. An HTML author can specify the location of the motion picture file to be played with the DYNSRC="..." attribute. Note that <IMG> is not rendered with character-based client browsers. Various attributes of the <IMG> tag are also not rendered with some client browsers. See the index of this book for other attributes used with the IMG tag.

Category

Links and Graphics

Example Syntax

<IMG SRC="IMAGES/HOMELOGO.GIF" BORDER=0 HEIGHT=153 WIDTH=575>

In Actual Use

Figure 3.11: This is the result of the example syntax.

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<IMG>`	`<IMG>` Can Be Used Inside This Element
`<A>`		*
`<ADDRESS>`		*
`ALIGN`	*
`<B>`		*
`<CITE>`		*
`<CODE>`		*
`<DD>`		*
`<DT>`		*
`DYNSRC`	*
`<EM>`		*
`FILEOPEN`	*
`<H1>`		*
`<H2>`		*
`<H3>`		*
`<H4>`		*
`<H5>`		*
`<H6>`		*
`HSPACE`	*
`<I>`		*
`INFINITE`	*
`ISMAP`	*
`<KBD>`		*
`<LI>`		*
`LOOP`	*
`MOUSOVER`	*
`<P>`		*
`<SAMP>`		*
`SRC`	*
`<STRONG>`		*
`<TT>`		*
`<VAR>`		*
`USEMAP`	*
`VSPACE`	*
`WIDTH`	*

INFINITE

Compliance

Syntax

... =INFINITE

Definition

INFINITE is a setting of the LOOP attribute. The LOOP attribute of the <IMG> tag allows the HTML author to specify how long a moving picture is to be played. If LOOP=2 is used, the moving picture appears for two seconds. If you use LOOP=INFINITE, the moving image continuously replays.

Category

Links and Graphics

Example Syntax

<IMG SRC="MY_IMAGE.GIF" DYNSRC="MY_MOVIE.AVI" LOOP=INFINITE>

INPUT

Compliance

Syntax

<INPUT "...">

Definition

The <INPUT> tag directs the browser to send information to the server, usually the contents of a FORM.

Category

Forms

Example Syntax

<INPUT NAME="Control" TYPE=IMAGE SRC="MY_IMAGE.GIF">

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<INPUT>`	`<INPUT>` Can Be Used Inside This Element
`ALIGN`	*
`CHECKED`	*
`<FORM>`		*
`MAXLENGTH`	*
`NAME`	*
`SIZE`	*
`SRC`	*
`VALUE`	*

INPUT SIZE

Compliance

Syntax

<INPUT SIZE="...">

Definition

The SIZE attribute of the <INPUT> tag gives the HTML author a way to specify the length in characters of a input field. The MAXLENGTH attribute of the <INPUT> tag determines how many characters can be input from that field.

Category

Forms

Example Syntax

<INPUT SIZE="35">

ISINDEX

Compliance

Syntax

<ISINDEX "..." >

Definition

This tag directs the client browser to display the following message, along with a text box: You can search this index. Type the keyword(s) you want to search for:. XMosaic and other browsers may display this information differently.

Text submited with this small form is posted back to the page's URL as a query or to a CGI script.

Category

Forms

Example Syntax

<ISINDEX>

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<ISINDEX>`	`<ISINDEX>` Can Be Used Inside This Element
`<BLOCKQUOTE>`		*
`<BODY>`		*
`<DD>`		*
`<FORM>`		*
`<HEAD>`		*
`<LI>`		*

ISINDEX PROMPT

Compliance

Syntax

<ISINDEX PROMPT= "...">

Definition

The PROMPT attribute of the <ISINDEX> tag gives the author a way to substitute a customized text message for the default text message.

See ISINDEX for the default text message.

Category

Forms

Example Syntax

<ISINDEX PROMPT="Why not use your own text prompt instead?">

ISINDEX action

Compliance

Syntax

<ISINDEX ACTION= "...">

Definition

The ACTION attribute of the <ISINDEX> tag sends submitted text to a specified gateway program.

Category

Forms

Example Syntax

<ISINDEX ACTION="SEARCH_ME">

ISMAP

Compliance

Syntax

ISMAP

Definition

The ISMAP directs the client browser to use a script that resides with the document on the server. When the user clicks an image, the ISMAP tag directs the browser to look for instructions in a specified map file (.MAP).

Category

Forms

Example Syntax

<A HREF="MY_MAP.MAP"> <IMG SRC="MY_IMAGE.GIF" ISMAP></A>

KBD

Compliance

Syntax

<KBD>...</KDB>

Definition

The <KBD> tag directs the browser to render specified text in a bold, fixed-width font. This tag is typically used to exemplify a keyboard entry made by the user.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<KBD>Type your own message here!</KBD>

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<KBD>`	`<KBD>` Can Be Used Inside This Element
`<A>`	*	*
`<ADDRESS>`		*
`<B>`	*	*
`<BR>`	*
`<CITE>`	*	*
`<CODE>`	*	*
`<DD>`		*
`<DT>`		*
`<EM>`	*	*
`<H1>`		*
`<H2>`		*
`<H3>`		*
`<H4>`		*
`<H5>`		*
`<H6>`		*
`<I>`	*	*
`<IMG>`	*
`<KBD>`	*	*
`<LI>`		*
`<P>`		*
`<PRE>`		*
`<SAMP>`	*	*
`<STRONG>`	*	*
`<TT>`	*	*
`<VAR>`	*	*

LANG

Compliance

Syntax

<LANG>...</LANG>

Definition

The <LANG> tag indicates that a language other than the base language of the document is in use.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<LANG> For our Japanese friends, here is the same joke in their native tongue... </LANG>

LH

Compliance

Syntax

<LH>...</LH>

Definition

The <LH> tag renders enclosed text as a header for a list.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<UL><LH>This sentence appears as a header before this bulleted list:</LH> <LI>This is list item #1 <LI>This is list item #2 <LI>This is list item #3 </UL>

LI

Compliance

Syntax

<LI>

Definition

The <LI> tag is used to direct the browser to display the following text as a line item on a list. Lists can be ordered, unordered, or bulleted. Lists are bulleted by default. The TYPE= attribute of the <LI> tag changes the type of characters used to order a list: TYPE=A (use uppercase letters), TYPE=a (use lowercase letters), TYPE=I (use large Roman numerals), TYPE=i (use small roman numerals), and TYPE=1 (use Arabic numerals). The VALUE attribute of the <LI> tag directs the browser to begin ordering with the number specified. The <LI> tag needs no closing tag.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<P>Here are the latest press releases. You may want to <A HREF="search.htm">search</A> for topics by keyword.</P> <UL> <LI>5/1/96 -- <B><A HREF="pr01.htm"><I>CoolBlue! </I>Magazine Establishes Internet Presence</A></B> </LI> </UL>

In Actual Use

Figure 3.12: This is the result of the example syntax.

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<LI>`	`<LI>` Can Be Used Inside This Element
`<A>`	*
`<B>`	*
`<BLOCKQUOTE>`	*
`<BR>`	*
`<CITE>`	*
`<CODE>`	*
`<DIR>`	*	*
`<DL>`	*
`<EM>`	*
`<FORM>`	*
`<I>`	*
`<IMG>`	*
`<ISINDEX>`	*
`<KBD>`	*
`<MENU>`	*	*
`<OL>`	*	*
`<P>`	*
`<PRE>`	*
`<SAMP>`	*
`<STRONG>`	*
`<TT>`	*
`<UL>`	*	*
`<VAR>`	*

LINK

Compliance

Syntax

<LINK...>

Definition

The <LINK> tag gives the HTML author the ability to specify a named file (URL) or text as a "hypertext link" to another document (or another point) in the same document. Other tags use an attribute called LINK. See the index at the back of this book to find other tags that use an attribute called LINK.

Category

Links and Graphics

Example Syntax

<LINK HREF="/MY_FILES/MY_FILE.HTM>

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<LINK>`	`<LINK>` Can Be Used Inside This Element
`<HEAD>`		*
`HREF`	*
`METHODS`	*
`TITLE`	*

LISTING

Compliance

Syntax

<LISTING>...</LISTING>

Definition

The <LISTING> tag renders text in a fixed-width type.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<LISTING>This text is displayed in fixed width.</LISTING>

LOOP

Compliance

Syntax

<...LOOP=...>

Definition

LOOP is an attribute of the BGSOUND tag. LOOP directs the browser to either play a sound as long as a page is active (for example, LOOP=INFINITE) or to play a sound for any specified number of seconds (for example, LOOP=3).

Category

Miscellaneous

Example Syntax

<BGSOUND SRC="MY_AUDIO_FILE.WAV" LOOP=INFINITE>

LOWSRC

Compliance

Syntax

<...LOWSRC="...">

Definition

LOWSRC is an attribute of the <IMG> tag. The LOWSRC attribute allows the HTML author to display a low resolution image intended merely to represent another higher-overhead, higher-resolution image.

Category

Links and Graphics

Example Syntax

<IMG SRC="MY_URL" LOWSRC="MY_IMAGE.GIF">

MAP

Compliance

Syntax

<MAP "..."></MAP>

Definition

The <MAP> tag specifies a collection of hot spots for a client-side image map.

Category

Links and Graphics

Example Syntax

<MAP NAME="MY_MAP"></MAP>

MAP AREA

Compliance

Syntax

<MAP AREA="..."></MAP>

Definition:

AREA is an user-clickable region of a client side image map.

Category

Links and Graphics

Example Syntax

<MAP AREA SHAPE=RECT>

MAP NAME

Compliance

Syntax

<MAP NAME="...">

Definition

NAME is an attribute of the <MAP> tag. This attribute allows the HTML author to label the <MAP> with a name made up of any characters.

Category

Links and Graphics

Example Syntax

<MAP NAME="MY_NAME">

MARQUEE

Compliance

Syntax

<MARQUEE>...</MARQUEE>

Definition

The <MARQUEE> tag gives the HTML author a way to create a scrolling text marquee.
A marquee can be left or right-aligned on the page.

Attributes of the <MARQUEE> tag are:

BGCOLOR="..." Specify the background color of a marquee in hexidecimal format.
DIRECTION="..." Specify the direction of the scrolling action as either "LEFT" or "RIGHT".
ALIGN="..." Specify whether the marquee text is aligned to the TOP, MIDDLE, or BOTTOM of the marquee.
BEHAVIOR="..." Specify that the text slides onto the page and then stops with the SLIDE attribute, that the text bounces from side to side with the ALTERNATE attribute, or that the text repeatedly scrolls across the page.
HEIGHT Specify the height of the marquee in either pixels or a percentage of the page.
WIDTH Specify the width of the marquee in either pixels or a percentage of the page.
LOOP Specify the number of times a marquee scrolls in either the number of scrolls (LOOP=5) or indefinitely with the LOOP=INFINITE or LOOP= -1 settings.
VSPACE and HSPACE Specify the amount of clear space adjoining a marquee in
pixels.
SCROLLDELAY Specify the time between scrolls in milliseconds.
SCROLLAMOUNT Specify the space between scrolled text in pixels.

Category

Miscellaneous

Example Syntax

<MARQUEE DIRECTION=LEFT>This text will scroll to the left.</MARQUEE>

MAXLENGTH

Compliance

Syntax

<INPUT MAXLENGTH="...">

Definition:

MAXLENGTH is an attribute of the <INPUT> tag. The MAXLENGTH attribute specifies how many characters are allowed to be entered into a text box by the user.

Category

Forms

Example Syntax

<INPUT MAXLENGTH="50">

METHOD

Compliance

Syntax

<FORM METHOD=...>

Definition

METHOD is an attribute of the <FORM> tag. The METHOD attribute directs the client browser in processing the information collected on a form. When the user clicks the Submit button, the proscribed METHOD is carried out. The content of a form can be posted as an URL on a server or mailed as an HTML file. The content itself can be formatted as "fields" using the following characters:

field1=field1 contents&field2=field2 contents&...&fieldn=fieldn contents&

& delimits fields, + inserts a space, and %0D%A inserts a line feed.

Category

Forms

Example Syntax

<P><FORM ACTION="_VTI_BIN/FEEDBACK.HTM" METHOD="POST"><INPUT NAME="VTI-GROUP"> </P>

MOUSEOVER

Compliance

Syntax

<...=MOUSEOVER>

Definition

MOUSEOVER is an attribute of the <IMG START> tag. The MOUSEOVER attribute directs the client browser to begin playing a movie file when the mouse pointer is moved over the icon representing the movie file.

Category

Miscellaneous

Example Syntax

<IMG SRC="MY_MOVIE_ICON.GIF" DYNSRC="MY_AVI_FILE.AVI" START=MOUSEOVER>

NAME

Compliance

Syntax

<A HREF NAME= "...">

Definition:

NAME is an attribute of the <HREF> tag. The NAME attribute directs the browser to link to the HTML file specified as part of the NAME attribute. The NAME attribute can also specify a link within the same document.

Category

Links and Graphics

Example Syntax

<P><A HREF NAME="INDEX.HTM"><IMG SRC="BHOME2.GIF"></A>

NEXTID

Compliance

Syntax

<NEXTID= "..."

Definition

The <NEXTID> tag is generated by some HTML editors. The <NEXTID> value is a variable that can be assigned by an editor to reference a document. The <NEXTID> value is a scheme used only by editor programs and is not generally used by "human" HTML
authors.

Category

Links and Graphics

Example Syntax

<NEXTID N=Z147>

NOBR

Compliance

Syntax

<NOBR>...</NOBR>

Definition

The <NOBR> tag prevents the browser from inserting a line break even when word wrapping is appropriate. Some strings of text should not be broken under any circumstances. A good example of a string of text that should remain unbroken is a long URL.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

I don't want this URL broken by a browser:

<NOBR>http://www.askamerica.com</NOBR>

NOFRAMES

Compliance

Syntax

<NOFRAMES>...</NOFRAMES>

Definition

The <NOFRAMES> tag directs the browser to display specified text only in the event the browser is not capable of rendering frames.

Category:

Miscellaneous

Example Syntax

<NOFRAMES>This text will be displayed in lieu of framed content.</NOFRAMES>

NOHREF

Compliance

Syntax

<A HREF= "..." NOHREF>

Definition

HREF is an attribute that directs the browser to exclude the named range from being clickable. The HREF attribute is generally considered redundant since only named, clickable ranges can cause an action when clicked upon.

Category

Links and Graphics

Example Syntax

<AREA SHAPE="RECT" COORDS="0,0,100,50" NOHREF>

NOSHADE

Compliance

Syntax

<HR NOSHADE>

Definition

NOSHADE is an attribute of the <HR> tag. The <HR> tag directs the browser to draw a horizontal rule on a page. The <HR> tag draws a rule with a shaded or 3-D look by default. The NOSHADE attribute directs the browser to refrain from the shaded or 3-D look.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<HR NOSHADE>

NOTE

Compliance

Syntax

<NOTE>...</NOTE>

Definition

The <NOTE> tag directs the browser to display text and graphics in one of three classes: NOTE, CAUTION, or WARNING. An image can be used in addition to text in a note. The <NOTE> tag will be part of most style sheets in the future.

Category

Miscellaneous

Example Syntax

<NOTE CLASS=CAUTION SRC="CAUTION.GIF">The IRS will fine you if you're a late filer!</NOTE>

NOWRAP

Compliance

Syntax

<...NOWRAP...>

Definition

NOWRAP is an attribute used in formatting text in paragraphs and tables. The NOWRAP attribute directs the browser to refrain from word wrapping the specified text. This attribute is useful for displaying long URLs, math formulas, or programming code, where the meaning of the text is adversely effected by word wrapping. Manual line breaks may be inserted in text described in a NOWRAP statement.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<P NOWRAP>This is the URL you need: HTTP:/WWW.ASKAMERICA.COM></P>

OFF

Compliance

Syntax

<...WRAP= "...">

Definition

WRAP is an attribute of the <TEXTAREA> tag. The WRAP attribute prevents the browser from wrapping text inside an input text box.

Category

Forms

Example Syntax

<TEXTAREA WRAP=OFF></TEXTAREA>

OL

Compliance

Syntax

<OL>...</OL>

Definition

OL stands for ordered list. The <OL> tag, by default, directs the browser to number the list items inside the <OL> tags.

Category

Lists

Example Syntax

<OL> <LI>This is list item one. <LI>This is list item two. </OL>

In Actual Use

Figure 3.13: Showing you the application of this example: "This is list item one, and so forth."

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<OL>`	`<OL>` Can Be Used Inside This Element
`<BLOCKQUOTE>`		*
`<BODY>`		*
`<DD>`		*
`<FORM>`		*
`<LI>`	*
`COMPACT`	*

OPTION

Compliance

Syntax

<OPTION>...

Definition

The <OPTION> tag specifies that the following text is an item in a list box.

Category

Forms

Example Syntax

<P <SELECT NAME="Category"> <OPTION SELECTED>CoolBlue! Magazine <Option> The AskAmerica Group <Option> Product Reviews <OPTION> Editorial Services </font></select> </P>

In Actual Use

Figure 3.14: There are four options on this list.

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<OPTION>`	`<OPTION>` Can Be Used Inside This Element
`<SELECT>`		*
`VALUE`		*

P

Compliance

Syntax

<P>...</P>

Definition

The <P>, or paragraph, tag denotes the beginning and ending of sentences to be displayed as a single paragraph. Some attributes of the <P> tag are not found in HTML standards prior to HTML 3.2.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<P>We encourage you to contact us with your comments and suggestions. If you provide us with your contact information, we will be able to reach you should we have any questions. Remember to hold down the Ctrl key before you press the Enter key to move to the next line in your message.</P>

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<P>`	`<P>` Can Be Used Inside This Element
`<A>`	*
`<B>`	*
`<BLOCKQUOTE>`		*
`<BODY>`		*
`<BR>`	*
`<CITE>`	*
`<CODE>`	*
`<DD>`		*
`<EM>`	*
`<FORM>`		*
`<I>`	*
`<ADDRESS>`		*
`<IMG>`	*
`<KBD>`	*
`<LI>`		*
`<SAMP>`	*
`<STRONG>`	*
`<TT>`	*
`<VAR>`	*

PERSON

Compliance

Syntax

<PERSON>...</PERSON>

Definition

The <PERSON> tag denotes the name of an individual. Text specified with the <PERSON> tag is displayed exactly as it appears in HTML format. Use the <PERSON> tag to preserve capitalization formatting. If not enclosed inside paragraph tags (see P), a PERSON statement is not displayed by the browser.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<PERSON>Robert deBeers MulHolland Ph.D.</PERSON>

PHYSICAL

Compliance

Syntax

<... WRAP=PHYSICAL>

Definition

PHYSICAL is an attribute of the <TEXTAREA WRAP> tag and attribute. The PHYSICAL attribute directs the browser to wrap text at the physical limits of the text box being displayed.

Category

Forms

Example Syntax

<TEXTAREA WRAP=PHYSICAL></TEXTAREA>

PLAINTEXT

Compliance

Syntax

<PLAINTEXT>...</PLAINTEXT>

Definition

Directs the browser to display specified text in fixed-width font, without
formatting of any kind. The browser ignores any HTML commands between the <PLAINTEXT>...</PLAINTEXT> tags. The <PLAINTEXT> tag is slated for obsolescence in
forthcoming HTML standards.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<PLAINTEXT> This text will be displayed in a monospaced font!</PLAINTEXT>

POST

Compliance

Syntax

<...METHOD="POST">

Definition

When the user clicks the Submit button, the proscribed method (see METHOD) is carried out. The content of a form can be posted as an HTTP POST transaction to a named URL on a server.

Category

Forms

Example Syntax

<P><FORM ACTION="_VTI_BIN/SHTML.EXE/FEEDBACK.HTM" METHOD="POST"></P>

PRE

Compliance

Syntax

<PRE>...</PRE>

Definition

The <PRE> tag stands for "preformatted" text. The <PRE> tag is used to retains spaces and line feeds in bodies of text. This tag is useful in formatting an entire paragraph that the author would like the client browser to display verbatim.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<PRE>This text will appear as you see it.

Complete with this line break.</PRE>

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<PRE>`	`<PRE>` Can Be Used Inside This Element
`<A>`	*
`<B>`	*
`<BLOCKQUOTE>`		*
`<BODY>`		*
`<BR>`	*
`<CITE>`	*
`<CODE>`	*
`<DD>`		*
`<EM>`	*
`<FORM>`		*
`<HR>`	*
`<I>`	*
`<KBD>`	*
`<LI>`		*
`<SAMP>`	*
`<STRONG>`	*
`<TT>`	*
`<VAR>`	*
`<WIDTH>`	*

Q

Compliance

Syntax

<Q>...</Q>

Definition

The <Q> tag places quotes around the specified text.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<Q>Use the Q tag to quote speech on a web page!</Q>

RECT

Compliance

Syntax

<...="RECT"...>

Definition

RECT is an attribute of the <AREA SHAPE> tag. The RECT attribute directs the client browser to accept clicks from a specified rectangular shape within a displayed image. The COORDS attribute is used to specify the actual coordinates of the clickable rectangle. The coordinates are separated by commas.

Category

Link and Graphics

Example Syntax

<AREA SHAPE="RECT" COORDS="100,50,50," HREF="HTTP://WWW.ASKAMERICA.COM>

S

Compliance

Syntax

<S>...</S>

Definition

The <S> tag directs the client browser to strike through any specified text.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<S>This text appears with a line though it!</S>

SAMP

Compliance

Syntax

<SAMP>...</SAMP>

Definition

The <SAMP> tag directs the browser to display specified text in a smaller font. If the
<FONT FACE> tag is not used, the displayed font is fixed-width.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<SAMP>A great way to display code in a body of text!</SAMP>

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<SAMP>`	`<SAMP>` Can Be Used Inside This Element
`<A>`	*	*
`<ADDRESS>`		*
`<B>`	*	*
`<BR>`	*
`<CITE>`	*	*
`<CODE>`	*	*
`<DD>`		*
`<DT>`		*
`<EM>`	*	*
`<H1>`		*
`<H2>`		*
`<H3>`		*
`<H4>`		*
`<H5>`		*
`<H6>`		*
`<I>`	*	*
`<IMG>`	*
`<KBD>`	*	*
`<LI>`		*
`<P>`		*
`<PRE>`		*
`<SAMP>`	*	*
`<STRONG>`	*	*
`<TT>`	*	*
`<VAR>`	*	*

SELECT

Compliance

Syntax

<SELECT...>

Definition

The <SELECT> tag directs the client browser to construct and display a drop-down list box with specified, using the OPTION VALUE= parameter, list box items.

Category

Forms

Example Syntax

<SELECT NAME="Countries">

<OPTION VALUE="1">USA

<OPTION VALUE="2">Canada

<OPTION VALUE="3">Mexico

</SELECT>

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<SELECT>`	`<SELECT>` Can Be Used Inside This Element
`<FORM>`		*
`<OPTION>`	*
`MULTIPLE`	*
`NAME`	*
`SIZE`	*

SELECT SINGLE

Compliance

Syntax

<SELECT...SINGLE>

Definition

SINGLE is an attribute of the <SELECT> tag. The SINGLE attribute directs the browser to only allow input of a single item on a drop-down list box.

Category

Forms

Example Syntax

<SELECT NAME="Countries" SINGLE> <OPTION VALUE="1">USA <OPTION VALUE="2">Canada <OPTION VALUE="3">Mexico </SELECT>

SELECT MULTIPLE

Compliance

Syntax

<SELECT...MULTIPLE>

Definition

MULTIPLE is an attribute of the <SELECT> tag. The MULTIPLE attribute directs the client browser to allow the user to make multiple selections from a drop-down list box.

Category

Forms

Example Syntax

<SELECT NAME="Countries" MULTIPLE> <OPTION VALUE="1">USA <OPTION VALUE="2">Canada <OPTION VALUE="3">Mexico </SELECT>

SELECT NAME

Compliance

Syntax

<SELECT NAME= "...">...</SELECT>

Definition

NAME is an attribute of the <SELECT> tag. The NAME attribute is the label used to name a drop-down list box.

Category

Forms

Example Syntax

<SELECT NAME="Countries"> <OPTION VALUE="1">USA <OPTION VALUE="2">Canada <OPTION VALUE="3">Mexico </SELECT>

SELECT SIZE

Compliance

Syntax

<SELECT...SIZE="...">...</SELECT

Definition

The SIZE attribute directs the client browser to build and make visible a drop-down list box using a specified number of list items. If the author requires a drop-down list with three options immediately visible, use "3" for the SELECT SIZE. To display just the first option on a list box with multiple options, specify a SELECT SIZE of "1".

Category

Forms

Example Syntax

<SELECT NAME="Countries" SIZE="1"> <OPTION VALUE="1">USA <OPTION VALUE="2">Canada <OPTION VALUE="3">Mexico </SELECT>

SHAPE

Compliance

Syntax

<AREA SHAPE="RECT" ... >

Definition

SHAPE is an attribute of the ONT FACE="Courier"><AREA> tag. The SHAPE attribute specifies the geometric shape of a clickable hyperlink of a displayed image. The author can choose from these six shapes: RECT, RECTANGLE, CIRC, CIRCLE, POLY, or POLYGON.

Category

Links and Graphics

Example Syntax

<AREA SHAPE="RECT" COORDS="50,50,150,150" HREF="HTTP://FISH.COM>

SIZE

Compliance

Syntax

<...SIZE= "...">

Definition

ier">SIZE is an attribute of the <FONT> tag. The SIZE attribute directs the client browser to display specified text in one of seven possible sizes, from smallest to largest: -2, -1, -0, +1, +2, +3, and +4.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<FONT SIZE=+4>This text is displayed in the largest font size.</FONT>

SMALL

Compliance

Syntax

<SMALL>...</SMALL>

Definition

The <SMALL> tag directs the client browser to display text in a font size smaller than the default text size. If a <BASEFONT> size is recognized by the browser, the <SMALL> font size will be one font size smaller.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<SMALL>This text is smaller than the specified or defualt font size.</SMALL>

SOUND

Compliance

Syntax

<SOUND SRC="...">

Definition

The <SOUND> tag directs the browser to play a sound (*.WAV) file. HTML authors can further direct a client browser in the playing of sound files with the following attributes:

The LOOP="..." attribute directs the browser to repetitively play a specified sound file. Use LOOP=INFINITE to direct the browser to play the file over and over again.
The DELAY="..." attribute directs the browser to wait the specified number of seconds between the playing of a sound file. Use DELAY=3 to direct the browser to play the file between three-second intervals of silence.

Note that Mosaic is the only browser that utilizes the <SOUND> tag. Mosaic does recognize the <BGSOUND> tag, but even with this tag, Mosaic only plays .WAV files unless an external appliation is available.

Category

Miscellaneous

Example Syntax

<SOUND SRC="COOL_SOUND.WAV" LOOP=INFINITE DELAY=1>

SQUARE

Compliance

Syntax

<...=SQUARE>

Definition

SQUARE is an attribute of the <UL TYPE> tag. The SQUARE attribute directs the client browser to display square bullets on a bulleted list.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<UL TYPE=SQUARE>

SRC

Compliance

Syntax

<...SRC="...">

Definition

SRC is an attribute of the <IMG> tag. The SRC attribute directs the browser to display an image if a file name or URL is specified.

Category

Links and Graphics

Example Syntax

<IMG SRC="MY_LOGO.GIF">

STRIKE

Compliance

Syntax

<STRIKE>...</STRIKE>

Definition

The <STRIKE> tag directs the client browser to strikethrough the specified text. The <STRIKE> tag is supported by Netscape and Mosaic. The comparable <S> tag is supported by Netscape, Internet Explorer, Mosiac, and HTML 3.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<STRIKE>This text will have a line bisecting it!</STRIKE>

STRONG

Compliance

Syntax

<STRONG>...<STRONG>

Definition

The <STRONG> tag causes the browser to display specified text in bold type. Some legacy browsers display <STRONG> text in italics.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<STRONG>Expect most browsers to display this text in BOLD type!</STRONG>

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<STRONG>`	`<STRONG>` Find It Used Inside This Element
`<A>`	*	*
`<ADDRESS>`		*
`<B>`	*	*
`<BR>`	*
`<CITE>`	*	*
`<CODE>`	*	*
`<DD>`		*
`<DT>`		*
`<EM>`	*	*
`<H1>`		*
`<H2>`		*
`<H3>`		*
`<H4>`		*
`<H5>`		*
`<H6>`		*
`<I>`	*	*
`<IMG>`	*
`<KBD>`	*	*
`<LI>`		*
`<P>`		*
`<PRE>`		*
`<SAMP>`	*	*
`<STRONG>`	*	*
`<TT>`	*	*
`<VAR>`	*	*

SUB

Compliance

Syntax

<SUB>...</SUB>

Definition

The <SUB> tag directs the browser to display specified text in subscript form. The browser selects the next smaller font size for subscripting based on the font in use in the same paragraph-unless a font size is specified with the <FONT> or <BASEFONT> tags.

See FONT, BASEFONT, SMALL, and BIG for more on font sizing.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<SUB>This text will be subscripted.</SUB>

SUP

Compliance

Syntax

<SUP>...</SUP>

Definition

The <SUP> tag directs the browser to display specified text in as superscript.

Category

Structural Defninition

Example Syntax

<SUP>This text will be superscripted.</SUP>

TAB

Compliance

Syntax

<TAB...>

Definition

The <TAB> tag directs the browser to set tabs at a specified location in text. The
TAB ID="..." attribute names the text that is to serve as the next tab point. The TAB TO="..." attribute directs the browser to stop at the named tab. To align tabs, use the following settings with the ALIGN attribute: LEFT, RIGHT, and CENTER.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<TAB TO="MY_WORD">

TABLE

Compliance

Syntax

<TABLE>...</TABLE>

Definition

The <TABLE> tag denotes the beginning and the end of a table array. Note that some browsers do not recognize all of the following attributes of the <TABLE> tag:

ALIGN Sets table or text alignment using ALIGN=LEFT or ALIGN=RIGHT.
BGCOLOR Sets the background color of cells in a table.
BORDER Sets the width of the border in pixels.
BORDERCOLOR Sets the default color of a border.
BORDERDARK Sets the color of the dark side of a 3-D border.
BORDERLIGHT Sets the color of the light side of a 3-D border.
CAPTION Specifies the caption for a table.
CELLPADDING Sets the amount of clear space beside contents of a cell.
CELLSPACING Sets the amount of space between table cells.
WIDTH Specifies the width of the table in pixels or percentage.

Category

Tables

Example Syntax

<TABLE> <TR> <TH>This would be table heading text</TH> <TD>This text would make up the first row.</TD> <TD>This text would make up the second row.</TD> <TD>This text would make up the third row.</TD> </TR> </TABLE>

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<TABLE>`	`<TABLE>` Used Inside This Element
`ALIGN`	*
`BGCOLOR`	*
`BODY`		*
`BORDER`	*
`CAPTION`	*
`CELLPADDING`	*
`CELLSPACING`	*
`COLSPAN`	*
`NOWRAP`	*
`<P>`		*
`ROWSPAN`	*
`<TD>`	*
`<TH>`	*
`<TR>`	*
`VALIGN`	*
`WIDTH`	*

TABLE ALIGN

Compliance

Syntax

<TABLE ALIGN="...">

Definition

ALIGN is an attribute of the <TABLE> tag, among others. The ALIGN attribute directs the client browser to display a table aligned to the LEFT, RIGHT, or CENTER of the browser's display area.

Category

Frames

Example Syntax

<TABLE ALIGN=RIGHT>

TD

Compliance

Syntax

<TD>...</TD>

Definition

The <TD>, or table data, tag directs the browser to display a specified, single table cell.

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<TD>`	`<TD>` Can Be Used Inside This Element
`ALIGN`	*
`BGCOLOR`	*
`COLSPAN`	*
`NOWRAP`	*
`ROWSPAN`	*
`TABLE`	*
`VALIGN`	*

Category

Tables

Example Syntax

<TD>This text would make up the first row.</TD>

TD COLSPAN

Compliance

Syntax

<TD COLSPAN="...">

Definition

COLSPAN is an attribute of the <TD> or <TH> tag. The COLSPAN attribute indicates the number of cells adjacent and to the right that are to be combined into a single cell.

Category

Tables

Example Syntax

<TD COLSPAN=3>

TD NOWRAP

Compliance

Syntax

<TD NOWRAP>

Definition

NOWRAP is an attribute of the <TD> tag. The NOWRAP attribute directs the browser to prevent text wrapping within a cell.

Category

Tables

Example Syntax

<TD NOWRAP>

TD ROWSPAN

Compliance

Syntax

<TD ROWSPAN="...">

Definition

ROWSPAN is an attribute of the <TD> or <TH> tag. The ROWSPAN attribute indicates the number of cells adjacent and below that are to be combined into a single cell.

Category

Frames

Example Syntax

<TD ROWSPAN=2>

TD WIDTH

Compliance

Syntax

<TD WIDTH="...">

Definition

WIDTH is an attribute of the <TD> tag. The WIDTH attribute directs the client browser to display a table cell spanning a specified width of the table. WIDTH can be specified in pixels or in a percentage by adding the % sign after the specified digit(s).

Category

Frames

Example Syntax

<TD WIDTH=85%>

TEXT

Compliance

"INSTERIMAGEQT1"

Syntax

<...TEXT="...">

Definition

TEXT is an attribute of the <BODY> tag. The TEXT attribute directs the browser to display text in the color specified in either the color name or in binary format.

Category

Presentation Formatting

Example Syntax

<BODY TEXT=RED>This text will be displayed in red!</BODY>

TEXTAREA

Compliance

Syntax

<TEXTAREA...>

Definition

The <TEXTAREA> tag directs the browser to create a space in a form that accepts input text from the user. The <TEXTAREA> tag has the following attributes:

<TEXTAREA NAME="..."> Names the overall <TEXTAREA>.
<TEXTAREA ROWS="..."> Specifies, in number of characters, the visible width of a <TEXTAREA>.
<TEXTAREA COLS="..."> Specifies, in number of characters, the visible height of a <TEXTAREA>.
<TEXTAREA WRAP=OFF> Directs the browser to turn word wrap off within the <TEXTAREA>.
<TEXTAREA WRAP=VIRTUAL> Forces the browser to accept text in long single lines but wrap the text in the visible part of the <TEXTAREA>.
<TEXTAREA WRAP=PHYSICAL> Directs the browser to send text with exactly as it is entered by the user.

Category

Forms

Example Syntax

<TEXTAREA NAME="MY_AREA" COLS=25 ROWS=5 WRAP=PHYSICAL>

TH

Compliance

Syntax

<TH...>

Definition

The <TH> tag directs the client browser to display text as a heading in the first row of a table.

Category

Tables

Example Syntax

<TH>This would be table heading text</TH>

TH ALIGN

Compliance

Syntax

<TH ALIGN="...">

Definition

ALIGN is an attribute of the <TH> tag. The ALIGN attribute determines how text is displayed in the table header. The possible attributes are LEFT, RIGHT, and CENTER.

Category

Tables

Example Syntax

<TH ALIGN=LEFT>This text will be aligned to the left in the first row of a table!</TH>

TH COLSPAN

Compliance

Syntax

<TH COLSPAN="...">

Definition

COLSPAN, when used as an attribute of the <TH> tag, specifies how many cells in columns are spanned by the table header.

Category

Tables

Example Syntax

<TH COLSPAN=3>

TH NOWRAP

Compliance

Syntax

<TH NOWRAP>

Definition

When used in conjunction with the <TH> tag, NOWRAP directs the client browser to turn text wrap off in a table header.

Category

Tables

Example Syntax

<TH NOWRAP>This text will not be wrapped by the browser!</TH>

TH ROWSPAN

Compliance

Syntax

<TH ROWSPAN="...">

Definition

ROWSPAN, when used as an attribute of the <TH> tag, specifies how many cells in rows are spanned by the table header.

Category

Tables

Example Syntax

<TH ROWSPAN=3>

TH WIDTH

Compliance

Syntax

<TH WIDTH="...">

Definition

WIDTH, when used with the <TH> tag, specifies the width of a table header cell in either pixels or as a percentage of the entire table width.

Category

Tables

Example Syntax

<TH WIDTH=100%>

TITLE

Compliance

Syntax

<TITLE>...</TITLE>

Definition

The title of an HTML document. The <TITLE> text is displayed on the title bar of most client browsers.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<TITLE>"Welcome To CoolBlue! Magazine"</TITLE>

TOPMARGIN

Compliance

Syntax

<...TOPMARGIN="...">

Definition

When used with the <BODY> tag, the TOPMARGIN attribute specifies how many pixels in height are rendered by a browser as margin space at the top of the page.

Category

Miscellaneous

Example Syntax

<BODY TOPMARGIN="10">The top margin of this HTML page is 10 pixels in height!</BODY>

TR

Compliance

Syntax

<TR>...</TR>

Definition

The <TR> tag directs the browser to display the specified text inside a single table row.

Category

Tables

Example Syntax

<TR>This text will be in a cell all by itself!</TR>

TR ALIGN

Compliance

Syntax

<TR ALIGN="...">

Definition

When used in the context of the <TR> tag, ALIGN directs the client browser to display a table row LEFT, RIGHT, or CENTER.

Category

Tables

Example Syntax

<TR ALIGN=LEFT>The text in this table row will align to the left!</TR>

TT

Compliance

Syntax

<TT>...</TT>

Definition

The <TT>, or teletype, tag directs the browser to display the specified text in a monospaced font.

Category

Presentation Formatting

Example Syntax

<TT>This text will be displayed using Courier New by my MS Windows version of ÂNetscape Navigator!</TT>

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<TT>`	`<TT>` Can Be Used Inside This Element
`<A>`	*	*
`<ADDRESS>`		*
`<B>`	*	*
`<BR>`	*
`<CITE>`	*	*
`<CODE>`	*	*
`<DD>`		*
`<DT>`		*
`<EM>`	*	*
`<H1>`		*
`<H2>`		*
`<H3>`		*
`<H4>`		*
`<H5>`		*
`<H6>`		*
`<I>`	*	*
`<IMG>`	*
`<KBD>`	*	*
`<LI>`		*
`<P>`		*
`<PRE>`		*
`<SAMP>`	*	*
`<STRONG>`	*	*
`<TT>`	*	*
`<VAR>`	*	*

U

Compliance

Syntax

<U>...</U>

Definition

The <U>, or underline, tag directs the client browser to underline the specified text.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<U>This text will be underlines!</U>

UL

Compliance

Syntax

<UL>...</UL>

Definition

The <UL> tag directs the browser to construct an unordered, bulleted list.

Category

Lists

Example Syntax

<UL> <LI>This line of text is the first item in the list. <LI>This line of text is the second item in the list. </UL>

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<UL>`	`<UL>` Used Inside This Element
`<BLOCKQUOTE>`		*
`<BODY>`		*
`<COMPACT>`	*
<`DD>`		*
`<FORM>`		*
`<LI>`	*	*

URL

Compliance

Syntax

<...URL="...">

Definition

URL is an attribute of the <META> tag. The URL attribute specifies the full pathname of an URL to be loaded after the CONTENT specified time has elapsed.

Category

Miscellaneous

Example Syntax

<META HTTP-EQUIV="REFRESH" CONTENT=5 URL=HTTP://WWW.ASKAMERICA.COM/COOLBLUE/INDEX.HTM>

USEMAP

Compliance

Syntax

<... USEMAP="...">

Definition

USEMAP is an attribute of the <IMG> tag. The USEMAP attribute directs the browser to utilize the specified client side image map.

Category

Links and Graphics

Example Syntax

<IMG SRC="MY_URL" USEMAP="MY_IMAGE_MAP">

VALIGN

Compliance

Syntax

VALIGN="..."

Definition

VALIGN is an attribute of the <CAPTION> tag. VALIGN directs the browser to display a table caption at the TOP, MIDDLE, or BOTTOM of a table.

Category

Tables

Example Syntax

VALIGN="TOP"

VALUE

Compliance

Syntax

VALUE="..."

Definition

When used in the context of the <OL> or <LI> tags, the VALUE attribute directs the client browser to use the specified digit (number) as the first item number on the numbered list.

When used in the context of the <INPUT> tag, the VALUE attribute directs the client browser to use the specified text as default text for the control.

When used in the context of the <OPTION> tag, the VALUE attribute directs the client browser to use the specified text as the input of the control.

Category

Lists

Example Syntax

<INPUT VALUE="True">

VAR

Compliance

Syntax

<VAR>...</VAR>

Definition

The <VAR> tag directs the browser to display specified text in a smaller, fixed-width font.

Category

Structural Definition

Example Syntax

<VAR>This text will be somewhat smaller and fixed-width!</VAR>

Related Elements

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<VAR>`	`<VAR>` Can Can Be Inside This Element
`<A>`	*	*
`<ADDRESS>`		*
`<B>`	*	*
`<BR>`	*
`<CITE>`	*	*
`<CODE>`	*	*
`<DD>`		*
`<DT>`		*
`<EM>`	*	*
`<H1>`		*
`<H2>`		*
`<H3>`		*
`<H4>`		*
`<H5>`		*
`<H6>`		*
`<I>`	*	*
`<IMG>`	*
`<KBD>`	*	*
`<LI>`		*
`<P>`		*
`<PRE>`		*
`<SAMP>`	*	*
`<STRONG>`	*	*
`<TT>`	*	*
`<VAR>`	*	*

VIRTUAL

Compliance

Syntax

WRAP="..."

Definition

VIRTUAL is an attribute of TEXTAREA WRAP. The VIRTUAL attribute directs the client browser to display text typed by the user, using word wrapping, but sends that text to the server, using single lines of text.

Category

Forms

Example Syntax

<TEXTAREA ROWS=5 COLS=30 WRAP=VIRTUAL>

VLINK

Compliance

Syntax

<BODY VLINK="...">

Definition

VLINK is an attribute of the <BODY> tag. The VLINK attribute directs the browser to display visited links with a specified color.

Category

Links and Graphics

Example Syntax

<BODY VLINK=#00ff00>Visited shortcuts will be green!</BODY>

VSPACE

Compliance

Syntax

VSPACE="..."

Definition

VSPACE is an attribute of the <IMG> and <MARQUEE> tags. VSPACE directs the client browser to display the specified value in pixels as a clear area above and below an image or marquee text.

Category

Miscellaneous

Example Syntax

&l

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<MENU>`	`<MENU>` Can Be Used Inside This Element
`<BLOCKQUOTE>`		*
`<BODY>`		*
`<DD>`		*
`<FORM>`		*
`<LI>`	*	*
`<MENU>`	*

Related Elements	This Element Can Be Used Inside `<META>`	`<META>` Can Be Used Inside This Element
`HTTP-EQUIV`	*
`NAME`	*
`CONTENT`	*
`<HEAD>`		*

Chapter 3

HTML Reference

CONTENTS

Compliance

Syntax

Definition

Example Syntax

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Syntax

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Category

Example Syntax

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Example Syntax

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Example Syntax

In Actual Use

Related Elements

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Example Syntax

In Actual Use

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