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To access the contents, click the chapter and section titles.
Platinum Edition Using HTML 4, XML, and Java 1.2
Listing 31.7 Tfind.pl—Perl Script to Recursively Find Files in Subdirectories
#!/usr/local/bin/perl
# define the directory to start at
# you could prompt user for this
$BASEDIR = “/web/home/acn”;
# print page preamble to STDOUT
print “Content-type: text/html\n\n”;
print “<HEAD><TITLE>Test Find Capability</TITLE>\n”;
print “<BODY bgcolor=#FFFFFF>\n”;
# call subroutine to find files
&finddir($BASEDIR);
# close the page
print “<\/BODY><\/HTML>\n”;
sub finddir
{
local ($BASEDIR) = @_;
# open directory and load file names into array
opendir(BASE, $BASEDIR) || die(“Can’t open directory $BASEDIR”);
@files = grep(!/^\.\.?$/, readdir(BASE));
closedir(BASE);
ITEM:
# for every file in the array
foreach $file (@files)
{
# check to see if it’s a directory
if (-d “$BASEDIR/$file”)
{
# if it is, recursively call the subroutine
$next = “$BASEDIR/$file”;
&finddir($next);
# if not a directory, you’ve got a hit
}
else
{
print “<P>Found a file called $BASEDIR/$file\n”;
next ITEM ;
}
}
}
When you run this Perl program, you see a display similar to that shown in Figure 31.2.
Note that all HTML files are found in both the base directory (/web/home/acn) as well as in all subdirectories (/web/home/acn/press). You can create your own directory walking code, as in this example, or you can use Find.pl, part of the Perl distribution library (available at http://www.perl.com/). This Perl script steps through all files recursively and executes a subroutine that you define for each file found. Find returns the name of a file in the variable $name and executes a subroutine in your wrapper script called wanted. You can refer to the $name variable in the wanted subroutine to display the name of the file or grep for a search string. It is easy use Find.pl to develop a slightly more sophisticated find routine (see Listing 31.8). Listing 31.8 Tsfind.pl—Using Find.pl to Recursively Search Directories
#!/usr/local/bin/perl
# requires find.pl
require(“/public/local/lib/perl5/find.pl”);
$BASEDIR = “/web/home/acn”;
print “Content-type: text/html\n\n”;
print “<HEAD><TITLE>Test Find Capability Using Find.pl</TITLE>\n”;
print “<BODY bgcolor=#FFFFFF>\n”;
&find(“$BASEDIR”);
# close the page
print “<\/BODY><\/HTML>\n”;
sub wanted
{
# if it’s an HTML file
if (($name =~ /.htm/) && !($name =~ /.html/))
{
# print its name
print “<P>Found a file called $BASEDIR/$name\n”;
}
}
Like the previous script, this script merely prints the name of each file in which the search string is found. You can easily insert a call to a grepping routine in place of the code that prints out the name of the file. The grepping routine needs to open the file and read through it to search for instances of the search string. The normal Perl searching function works nicely. This approach is demonstrated in Listing 31.9. Listing 31.9 Tsrch.pl—A Basic Search Script
#!/usr/local/bin/perl
# define the directory, file name, and search string
# you could prompt user for these, or find files
# using find.pl
$BASEDIR = “/web/home/acn”;
$file = “acn.htm”;
$term = “ACNielsen”;
# print page preamble to STDOUT
print “Content-type: text/html\n\n”;
print “<HEAD><TITLE>Test Find Search Engine</TITLE>\n”;
print “<BODY bgcolor=#FFFFFF>\n”;
# call subroutine to search the file
&findstr($BASEDIR);
print “<\/BODY><\/HTML>\n”;
sub findstr
{
# open the file
open(FILE,”$file”);
# read all lines into an array
@LINES = <FILE>
close(FILE);
# create one huge string to search
$string = join(‘ ‘,@LINES);
$string =~ s/\n/ /g;
if (!($string =~ /$term/i))
{
# don’t include this file name
last;
}
# if string is found
else
{
# include the file name
print “<P>Found string in $BASEDIR/$file\n”;
}
}
Now if you combine these two scripts, as in Listing 31.10, you will have a rudimentary search engine that still produces output similar to Figure 31.2. Listing 31.10 Tstfind.pl—A Basic Recursive Search Engine
#!/usr/local/bin/perl
# requires find.pl
require(“/public/local/lib/perl5/find.pl”);
$BASEDIR = “/web/home/acn”;
# hardcode the search term - you could prompt user
$term = “ACNielsen”;
print “Content-type: text/html\n\n”;
print “<HEAD><TITLE>A Basic Recursive Search Engine</TITLE>\n”;
print “<BODY bgcolor=#FFFFFF>\n”;
&find(“$BASEDIR”);
# close the page
print “<\/BODY><\/HTML>\n”;
sub wanted
{
# if it’s an HTML file
if (($name =~ /.htm/) && !($name =~ /.html/))
{
# search for string
$findstr($BASEDIR/$name, $term);
}
} # sub wanted
sub findstr
{
# get the name of the file and search term as a parameter
my ($file,$term) = @_;
# open the file
open(FILE,”$file”);
# read all lines into an array
@LINES = <FILE>
close(FILE);
# create one huge string to search
$string = join(‘ ‘,@LINES);
$string =~ s/\n//g;
if (!($string =~ /$term/i))
{
# don’t include this file name
last;
}
# if string is found
else
{
# include the file name
print “<P>Found string $term in $BASEDIR/$file\n”;
}
} # sub findstr
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