Platinum Edition Using HTML 4, XML, and Java 1.2
(Publisher: Macmillan Computer Publishing)
Author(s): Eric Ladd
ISBN: 078971759x
Publication Date: 11/01/98

<I>

Type:

Container

Function:

Contains text to be rendered in italic (see Figure 3.3).

Syntax:

<I> ... italicized text goes here ... </I>

Syntax:

<FONT SIZE=”size” COLOR=”color” FACE=”list of typefaces”>
... text with modified font properties ...
</FONT>

FIGURE 3.3  Italicized text can be used to denote emphasis or the title of something.

Attributes:

None.

Example:

I just bought the Beatles’ <I>Abbey Road</I> on CD.

<S>, <STRIKE>

Type:

Container

Function:

Contains text to be marked with a strikethrough character. Both the <S> tags have been deprecated by the W3C. You should use style sheets to render strikethrough text instead.

Syntax:

<S> ... strikethrough text goes here ... </S>

or

<STRIKE> ... strikethrough text goes here ... </STRIKE>

Attributes:

None.

Example:

Content that has been struck from the record will be denoted as
follows: <S>removed content</S>.

<SMALL>

Type:

Container

Function:

Contains text to be rendered in a font size smaller than the default font size.

Syntax:

<SMALL> ... smaller text goes here ... </SMALL>

Attributes:

None.

Example:

<SMALL>”Sssssssshhh!”</SMALL>, he whispered in a tiny voice.

Related Tags:

The <BIG> tag has the opposite effect (see the <BIG> tag section earlier in the chapter).

<SUB>

Type:

Container

Function:

Contains text to be a subscript to the text that precedes it.

Syntax:

<SUB> ... subscript text goes here ... </SUB>

Attributes:

None.

Example:

a<SUB>1</SUB>, a<SUB>2</SUB>, and a<SUB>3</SUB> are the coefficients of
 the variables x, y, and z.

<SUP>

Type:

Container

Function:

Contains text to be rendered as a superscript to the text that precedes it (see Figure 3.4).

FIGURE 3.4  Superscripts are useful for indicating trademark or copyright information.

Syntax:

<SUP> ... superscript text goes here ... </SUP>

Attributes:

None.

Example:

x<SUP>2</SUP> + y<SUP>2</SUP> = 1 defines the unit circle.

<TT>

Type:

Container

Function:

Contains text to be rendered in a fixed-width font. Typically, this font is Courier or some kind of typewriter font (see Figure 3.5).

FIGURE 3.5  Typewriter text is good for displaying computer-related content or for varying the fonts used in the document.

Syntax:

<TT> ... text to be in fixed-width font goes here ... <TT>

Attributes:

None.

Example:

The computer will then display the <TT>Login:</TT> prompt.

<U>

Type:

Container

Function:

Contains text to be rendered with an underline. The <U> tag has been deprecated by the W3C. If you need to underline text, you can do so using style sheets. However, keep in mind that a user might confuse your underlined text with hypertext and try to click it. Also, in keeping with general typesetting rules, if you italicize for form or style, you should not underline.

Syntax:

<U> ... text to be underlined ... </U>

Attributes:

None.

Example:

All first-year medical students purchase <U>Gray’s Anatomy</U>.

Phrase Formatting Recall that phrase formatting indicates the meaning of the text it marks up and not necessarily how the text will be rendered on the browser screen. Nevertheless, text marked with a phrase formatting tag will typically have some kind of special rendering to set it apart from unmarked text.

<ABBR>

Type:

Container

Function:

Contains text that is an abbreviation of something. This is useful information for browsers that are not vision-based because it enables them to treat the abbreviation differently. A speech-based browser, for example, could know to look in an abbreviation table for pronunciation if you marked up “Dr.” with the <ABBR> tag. That way, it could say the word “doctor” rather than making the “dr” sound you would get by pronouncing the “d” and the “r” together.

Syntax:

<ABBR> ... acronym goes here ... </ABBR>

Attributes:

None.

Example:

She got her doctorate (<ABBR>PhD</ABBR>) from the University of Virginia.

<ACRONYM>

Type:

Container

Function:

Contains text that specifies an acronym. This tag is also useful for nonvisual browsers. The tag might tell a speech-based browser to pronounce the letters in the acronym one at a time, for example, rather than trying to pronounce the acronym as a word.

Syntax:

<ACRONYM> ... acronym goes here ... </ACRONYM>

Attributes:

None.

Example:

Practical Extraction and Reporting Language <ACRONYM>(PERL)</ACRONYM> is
a popular CGI scripting language.

<ADDRESS>

Type:

Container

Function:

Contains either a postal or an electronic mail address. Text marked with this tag is typically rendered in italic (see Figure 3.6).

Syntax:

<ADDRESS> ... address goes here ... </ADDRESS>

Attributes:

None.

Example:

If you have any comments, please send them to
<ADDRESS>webmaster@your-isp.com</ADDRESS>.

<CITE>

Type:

Container

FIGURE 3.6  Marking up address information provides a logical marker for programs processing the document and a visual marker for those reading the document.

Function:

Contains the name of a source from which a passage is cited. The source’s name is typically rendered in italic.

Syntax:

<CITE> ... citation source goes here ... </CITE>

Attributes:

None.

Example:

According to the <CITE>HTML 4.0 Recommendation</CITE>, the <FONT> tag
has been deprecated.

<CODE>

Type:

Container

Function:

Contains chunks of computer language code. Browsers commonly display text marked with the <CODE> tag in a fixed-width font such as Courier.

Syntax:

<CODE> ... code fragment goes here ... </CODE>

Attributes:

None.

Example:

<CODE>
document.location.href=‘index.html’;
return TRUE;
</CODE>